考虑快慢车的城轨跨线运营开行方案与时刻表优化

Optimization of Operation Scheme and Timetable for Interconnected Lines in Urban Rail Transit Considering Express-local Train

跨线运营是城市轨道交通网络化运营的重要方向,跨线与快慢车组合运营可降低乘客出行时间。本文考虑跨线与快慢车组合模式,构建事件活动图刻画列车运行和乘客出行过程;考虑列车安全运行间隔和列车载客能力等约束,建立以乘客出行时间和列车走行成本最小化为目标的开行方案与时刻表综合优化模型,决策列车运行交路、停站方案、开行频率及各车次在各站的到发时刻;并针对综合优化模型,设计定制的变邻域搜索算法。案例结果表明,在组合模式下,列车走行成本增加了3%,换乘人次降低了82.5%,总乘客和跨线乘客的平均出行时间分别减少了1.3 min和5.3 min,乘客出行效益有明显提升;跨线与快慢车组合模式小幅增加了无需换乘乘客的出行时间,但大幅降低了跨线乘客的出行时间;换乘站换乘走行时间越长,宜开行的跨线列车频率越大,跨线运营降低乘客出行时间的效果越显著。

The crossing-line operation has become an important trend in the development of urban rail transit,and express-local train is an effective way to reduce passenger travel time.Considering both crossing-line and express-local train services,this paper constructs an event-activity network to accurately depict the train movement and passenger behavior in urban rail transit.A train operation scheme and timetable collaboration model is developed to minimize passenger travel time and operation cost.In consideration of safety interval and train capacity constraints,the model determines train routes,stopping plan,frequencies,and departure and arrival times of all trains at each station.A customized variable neighborhood search algorithm is designed to efficiently solve the model.A numerical case study is then conducted to verify the proposed integrated optimization model and algorithm.The results indicate that when combining the crossing-line and express-local services,the operation cost is increased by 3%,while the number of transfer passengers is reduced by 82.5%and the average travel time of all passengers and crossing-line passenger respectively decreased by 1.3 and 5.3 minutes.There is a slight increase of the travel time for passengers who do not need to transfer,but the travel time of cross-line passengers has been significantly reduced.As the transfer walking time increases,the frequency of cross-line trains also increases,which results in a more significant reduction in passenger travel time.