乌程汉简涉医木牍研究

Study on Medical Wooden Slips of Wucheng Han Slips

浙江湖州出土的乌程汉简是两汉时期乌程县署遗留的实物,其中有3枚涉医木牍。利用“二重证据法”对简牍进行考证,推测简270中的“疾温”,可能是具有传染性的温病。简177是一封吕广写给家人的信牍,据内容显示,当时扬州地区可能发生疫病,吕广是巡行的官员或者医生。简269为一首医方,其中药物多达26味,但未记载主治病证。以方测症,再结合《素问》《后汉书》中相关记载,推测此方可能是东汉元初六年(119)四月会稽大疫时使用过的医方。

The Wucheng Han Slips unearthed in Huzhou(Zhejiang Province)are objects left from the Wucheng County Office during Western and Eastern Han Dynasties,of which there are three medical wooden slips.This article uses the“dual evidence method”to conduct textual research on the slips,and speculates that the“疾温”in Slip 270 may refer to infectious febrile disease.Slip 177 is a letter written by Lyu Guang to his family,and it tells that Lyu was a patrolling official or doctor and he may have experienced an epidemic in Yangzhou.Slip 269 is a medical prescription with as many as 26 Chinese medicines yet with no records of their indications.Judging from the prescribed medicines,combined with relevant records in Su Wen(《素问》Plain Questions)and Hou Han Shu(《后汉书》History of The Later Han Dynasty),the authors hold that it may be a medical prescription used during the pestilence in Kuaiji(of Zhejiang)in the lunar April on the sixth year of Yuanchu(119)in the Eastern Han Dynasty.