橄榄酸的生物合成

Biosynthesis and Research Progress of Olivetolic Acid

橄榄酸(olivetolic acid,OLA),属于单芳香族化合物,是一种经由橄榄醇合成酶(olivetol synthase,OLS)和橄榄酸环化酶(olivetolic acid cyclase,OAC)协同催化的次生代谢产物。OLA具有抗菌、抗细胞毒性、抗惊厥和光保护等药理特性。此外,OLA还是大麻素生物合成的关键前体,为大麻素提供聚酮核部分。随着对OLA应用价值的深度挖掘及在医药工业的需求增加,实现其规模化生产迫在眉睫。生物合成法因其反应条件温和可控、绿色、可循环等优点,成为合成OLA的首选方法。通过综述OLA生物合成途径和关键酶的作用机制,讨论OLA生物合成策略的研究进展,旨在探索利用合成生物学技术生产OLA的潜力,为OLA的规模化生产提供理论依据。

Olivetolic acid(OLA)is a monoaromatic compound.It is a secondary metabolite catalyzed by olivetol synthase(OLS)and olivetolic acid cyclase(OAC).OLA has pharmacological properties such as antibacterial,anticytotoxicity,anticonvulsant,and photoprotective properties.In addition,it is also a key precursor for cannabinoid biosynthesis,which provides the polyketide core moiety of cannabinoids.With the deep exploration of the application value of OLA and the increasing demand in the pharmaceutical industry,it is urgent to achieve its large-scale production.Biosynthesis has become the preferred method for synthesizing OLA due to its moderate and controllable reaction conditions,environmental friendliness,and recyclability.In this review,the biosynthetic pathways of OLA and the mechanisms of key enzymes were summarized,and the research progress of OLA biosynthesis strategies was discussed.The aim is to explore the potential of synthetic biology technology for the production of OLA and to provide a theoretical basis for the large-scale production of OLA.