人类白细胞抗原G与COVID-19研究进展

Progress in human leukocyte antigen G in the progression of COVID-19

宿主抗病毒免疫应答对于入侵病毒清除和疾病控制至关重要。COVID-19患者常见免疫细胞数量显著减少和功能耗竭,与疾病严重程度和不良预后密切相关。人类白细胞抗原G(human leucocyte antigen G,HLA-G)是一种重要的免疫检查点分子,能特异性结合免疫细胞表达的多种免疫抑制性受体,系统性抑制机体免疫应答。近来研究显示,HLA-G基因多态性及其分子表达对SARS-CoV-2易感性及COVID-19疾病进展具有重要意义。本文就HLA-G基因及分子特点、HLA-G/受体信号转导与免疫功能调节、HLA-G与COVID-19疾病进展等方面进行综述。

Host immune response to viruses is critical for virus clearance and disease control.Dramatically decreased numbers and exhaustion of immune cells are common in COVID-19 patients,which is found to be closely related to the severity of the disease and poor prognosis.Human leukocyte antigen G(HLA-G)is an important immune checkpoint that can specifically bind to various immunosuppressive receptors expressed by immune cells,and systematically suppress the host immune response.Recent studies have shown that HLA-G gene polymorphism and its expression are of great significance for susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and the progression of COVID-19.In this review,the genetic and molecular characteristics of HLA-G,HLA-G/receptor signaling and immune function regulation,and its clinical significance in COVID-19 progression are summarized.