肥大细胞外泌体及其介导的免疫细胞间通讯

Mast cell-derived exosomes and intercellular communication between immune cells mediated by them

外泌体是一类直径在30~150 nm的细胞外囊泡,其通过负载蛋白质、脂质、RNA和丰富的遗传信息,在细胞之间进行传递从而调节细胞信号。越来越多的有关免疫细胞外泌体的研究拓展了免疫细胞间的通讯机制。肥大细胞外泌体的生物学特性显示,不论在静息还是活化状态下,肥大细胞都能释放外泌体,但其数量、内容物及功能等方面有显著不同。肥大细胞外泌体参与树突状细胞的成熟与抗原提呈过程,还介导T淋巴细胞的活化和巨噬细胞的极化,这些研究结果为揭示外泌体在肥大细胞功能及免疫调控中的作用提供了新视野。

Exosomes are a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm.They contain a variety of biological molecules including proteins,lipids,and genetic materials by which they can act as mediators of cell-to-cell communication.Increasing studies on exosomes have elucidate the mechanism of communication between immune cells.Mast cells are found to release exosomes in both resting and activated states,but the quantity,contents and functions of the exosomes are significantly different in different states.Mast cell-derived exosomes are involved in the maturation and antigen presentation of dendritic cells,and mediate the activation of T lymphocytes and the polarization of macrophages.These results provide new insights into the role of exosomes in mast cell function and immune regulation.