内外有别:汉宋正史中南方族群叙事的演进

The Differentiation of Peoples:Narrating Southern Peoples in Orthodox History Produced in Han and Song Dynasties

古代中国的南方诸族因其族群、风俗多异于华夏,往往与域外诸国一起被笼统地视作“南蛮”,但各族群多生活于华夏州郡之中,政治上受中原王朝统辖,与域外诸国存在明显的内外之别,此区别随着南方民族融入华夏多元一体进程的日渐深化而愈受重视。汉宋时期的正史中南方族群叙事模式存在多次转变,凸显出正史史家对南方族群内外有别认识的日益清晰。从“四夷列传”中的“南蛮”,到区别于“外国列传”的“蛮夷”,正史中有关南方族群列传体例的演变,不仅体现出正史南方族群历史叙事模式的发展,亦能展现出汉宋时期中国南方多民族融合的真实面貌。

The present paper,probing into the changes taking place in the narrative pattern applied to the southern indigenous peoples in orthodox histories compiled in Han and Song dynasties,holds that,as the integra-tion of southern peoples and Han people was greatly advanced,there were reasons to believe that the cen-tral authorities paid increasing attention to southern peoples and it had made a clear distinction between indigenous peoples living in the Chinese territory and those who lived outside China.