空间治理赋能乡村转型的内在机理及路径选择

The inner mechanism and path selection of rural spatial governance enabling rural transformation

空间治理是形塑乡村善治格局的重点内容,也是破解乡村转型难题的重要举措。然而,以乡村转型目标导向为观察视角剖析乡村空间治理概念内涵、赋能机制与路径的研究尚且不足。本文将乡村转型与乡村空间治理纳入同一分析框架之中,重点揭示乡村空间治理赋能乡村转型的内在机理与实施路径。研究结论包括:①乡村空间治理统合要素治理、规划治理和制度治理等综合性治理行动以构建新型治理机制,通过调整乡村人-地-产等发展要素关系优化乡村地域系统结构和功能形态,促进乡村转型发展。②乡村空间治理与乡村转型在战略目标上的内在一致性为实现二者关联奠定了逻辑基础,乡村转型困境与乡村空间治理多功能效应的协同关系是识别二者关联节点的现实依据,乡村转型差异化目标与乡村空间治理综合性手段的适配性构成二者关联耦合的实践逻辑。③“要素-规划-制度”的综合治理体系在流通机制、调控机制和保障机制的共同赋能作用下,实现乡村经济形态转变、三生空间重构和社会空间重组。④“差别化要素管控-综合性规划体系-协同性制度设计”的赋能路径,有利于加快要素耦合协调、优化乡村国土空间格局和形成统合性制度合力,从而助推乡村经济转型、社会转型和空间转型。

Rural spatial governance was a major element in shaping the pattern of good village governance,and an important measure in cracking the challenges of rural transformation.However,the research on analysing the conceptual connotation of rural spatial governance,enabling mechanisms and paths with the goal-oriented perspective of rural transformation is still insufficient.This article incorporated rural transformation and rural spatial governance into the same analytical framework,focused on revealing the internal mechanism and implementation path of rural spatial governance empowering rural transformation.The results show that:(1)Rural spatial governance integrated comprehensive governance actions,including factor governance,planning governance and institutional governance,in order to build a new type of governance mechanism,optimise the structure and functional form of the rural geographical system and promote the transformation and development of the countryside by adjusting the relationship between the people,land,production and other development factors in the countryside.(2)The internal consistency of rural spatial governance and rural transformation in terms of strategic objectives lays a logical foundation for the realisation of their association,the synergistic relationship between the dilemma of rural transformation and the multi-functional effect of rural spatial governance is a realistic basis for identifying the nodes of their association,and the adaptability of the differentiated objectives of rural transformation and the comprehensive measures of rural spatial governance constitutes the practical logic of the association of their coupling.(3)The integrated governance system of“factors-planninginstitution”had achieved the transformation of rural economic form,the reconfiguration of rural production-living-ecology space and the reorganisation of the social space under the joint empowerment of the circulation mechanism,the adjustment mechanism and the guarantee mechanism.(4)The empowering path of“differentiated factor control,comprehensive planning system and synergistic institutional design”is conducive to accelerating the coupling and coordination of factors,optimising the pattern of rural territorial space and forming an integrated institutional synergy,thereby promoting the economic,social and spatial transformation of the countryside.