面向6G网络的高可靠低延时通信计算与控制

uRLLC3: ultra-reliable and low-latency communication,computing, and control for 6G networks

未来6G网络的业务主体将转变为赋能千行百业的智能物联网应用,因此在提供高可靠低延时通信(ultra-reliable and low-latency communications,u RLLComm)的同时,还要实现高可靠低延时的智能计算(uRLLComp)与智能控制(uRLLCtrl)(以下简称uRLLC3).这对于传输环境、业务需求与网络资源配置均高度动态变化的移动网络来讲是一个巨大挑战.本文面向6G时代的智慧网联与网联智能,从排队论中几个超越直觉的定理出发,尝试为u RLLC3的实现提供一些有益启示,并系统地给出实现高可靠低延时通信、计算与控制的理论与方法.同时,以未来智慧网联汽车的智能控制为例,在描述信息新鲜度的信息年龄(age-of-information,AoI)性能指标的基础上,提出一种新的信息时效性表征指标——信息紧迫度(urgency-of-information,UoI),并在此基础上给出几种UoI意义上最优的移动终端调度与控制算法,验证所提UoI指标的有效性.

Ultra-reliable and low-latency communication(uRLLC)is a new service category in 5G and beyond to accommodate mission-critical services and applications,such as autonomous driving and industrial IoT(Internet of Things).But,fundamentally,provisioning of high-reliability and low-latency is contradicting each other,i.e.,normally improving reliability may cause longer delay and shortening delay may harm reliability.How to improve both of them is a big challenge,in particular when the service characteristics and available network resources are stochastic and limited in 5G/6G networks.In this regard,as the theory of dealing with stochastic nature of user behavior and resource availability,some perspectives on achieving uRLLC inspired by queueing theory will be discussed.Meanwhile,as 5G/6G and Internet-of-Things(IoT)technologies are deeply integrated into vertical industries such as autonomous driving and industrial robotics,timely status updates(TSU)with ultra-reliable and low-latency are crucial for remote monitoring and controls.In this regard,age of information(AoI)has been proposed to measure the freshness of status updates.However,it is irrelevant to context and just a metric changing linearly with time.We propose a context-aware metric,named as urgency of information(UoI),to measure the nonlinear time-varying importance and the non-uniform context-dependence of the status information.Then we establish a theoretical framework for UoI characterization and provide UoI-optimal status updating and user scheduling schemes.Simulation results show that the proposed updating and scheduling schemes notably outperform the existing ones,such as round robin(RR)and AoI-optimal schemes in terms of UoI,error-bound violation,and control system stability.