黄酮类化合物改善糖尿病周围神经病变机制研究进展

Research progress on mechanism of flavonoids in improving diabetic peripheral neuropathy

糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)作为糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一。近年来,该病的发病率、致残致死率不断攀升,严重影响患者的健康及生活质量。积极控制血糖、抗氧化、改善微循环、镇痛等治疗效果有限。中药因其具有多成分、多靶点、多种作用机制的特点,越来越受到国内外的关注与重视。其中,黄酮类化合物可通过调节血糖水平、抑制醛糖还原酶活性、抑制晚期糖基化终产物的产生、改善血脂水平、抑制氧化应激、抑制炎症反应、恢复自噬平衡、抑制细胞凋亡和增强神经营养信号转导等改善DPN。通过对黄酮类化合物改善DPN的分子靶点和信号通路进行总结,为阐明黄酮类化合物改善DPN的机制及临床运用提供参考。

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes.In recent years,the incidence,disability and mortality rate of the disease have been rising,seriously affecting the health and quality of life of patients.Therapeutic effects such as active blood sugar control,antioxidant treatment,improvement of microcirculation,and analgesia are limited.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has attracted more and more attention at home and abroad because of its multicomponent,multi-target and multi-mechanism of action.Among them,flavonoids can improve DPN by regulating blood glucose levels,inhibiting aldose reductase activity,inhibiting the production of advanced glycation end products,improving blood lipid levels,inhibiting oxidative stress,inhibiting inflammatory responses,restoring autophagic homeostasis,inhibiting apoptosis,and enhancing neurotrophic signal transduction.This paper summarizes the molecular targets and signaling pathways of flavonoids to improve DPN,and provides a reference for elucidating the mechanism and clinical application of flavonoids in improving DPN.