2019—2022年连云港市人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种率和疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Coverage of human papillomavirus vaccination and surveillance of suspected adverse events following immunization in Lianyungang City from 2019 to 2022

目的了解连云港市适龄女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种现状和疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,为评价疫苗安全性、制定疫苗接种策略提供依据。方法基于江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统和中国AEFI监测管理信息系统,收集连云港市2019—2022年HPV疫苗接种和AEFI报告数据,分析HPV疫苗的首剂和全程接种率和AEFI报告发生率。结果连云港市2019—2022年9~45岁女性HPV疫苗首剂接种率为8.70%、全程接种率为5.20%,市区首剂接种率(9.41%)远高于郊县(3.37%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=17359.68,P<0.01);9~<16岁、16~<27岁、27~<36岁、36~45岁首剂接种率分别为2.08%、11.07%、10.71%、10.27%,全程接种率分别为0.07%、7.22%、6.31%、6.80%。HPV疫苗AEFI报告发生率为8.75/10万剂,其中一般反应为7.44/10万剂、异常反应为1.31/10万剂,分别以接种部位红肿(4.38/10万剂)、过敏反应(0.88/10万剂)为主,无严重AEFI病例发生。结论连云港市适龄女性HPV疫苗接种率总体偏低,不良反应发生率在预期范围内,疫苗安全性良好。建议加强对HPV和HPV疫苗的科普宣传,重点提高9~<16岁年龄组及农村地区女性HPV疫苗接种率。

Objective To investigate the coverage of human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination among women of appropriate ages and characteristics of suspected adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Lianyungang City,so as to provide insights into as-sessment of the safety of HPV vaccines and formulation of the vaccination strategy.Methods HPV vaccination and reported AEFI da-ta in Lianyungang City from 2019 to 2022 were collected from Jiangsu Provincial Management Information System for Vaccination Com-prehensive Service and Chinese AEFI Surveillance Management Information System,and the coverage of first-dose and full-dose HPV vaccines and reported incidence of AEFI were descriptively analyzed.Results The coverage of first-and full-dose HPV vaccination was 8.70%and 5.20%among women at ages of 9 to 45 years in Lianyungang City from 2019 to 2022,and the coverage of first-dose HPV vaccination was higher among women living in urban areas than in suburban areas(9.41%vs.3.37%;χ2=17359.68,P<0.01).The coverage of first-and full-dose vaccination were 2.08%,11.07%,10.71%and 10.27%,and 0.07%,7.22%,6.31%and 6.80%among women at ages of 9 to 15,16 to 26,27 to 35 years and 36 to 45 years,respectively.The reported incidence of AEFI with HPV vaccines was 8.75/105 doses,and the incidence rates of general and abnormal reactions were 7.44/105 doses and 1.31/105 do-ses,respectively.Redness and swelling was the predominant general reaction(4.38/105 doses)and allergy was the predominant abnor-mal reaction(0.88/105 doses),with no serious AEFI identified.Conclusions The overall coverage of HPV vaccination is low among women of appropriate ages in Lianyungang City,and the incidence of AEFI is within the expected limit,with a high safety of HPV vac-cines.Intensified health education pertaining to HPV and HPV vaccines and improved coverage of HPV vaccination among women at a-ges of 9 to 15 years and in rural areas are recommended.