人工饲料对黄带犀猎蝽生长发育、繁殖及捕食效能的影响

Effects of artificial diet on the growth,development,reproduction,and predatory efficiency of the assassin bug Sycanus bifidus

为评价人工饲料饲养对广泛分布于我国南方的黄带犀猎蝽Sycanus bifidus的生长发育、繁殖和控害能力的影响,在室内条件下测定取食不同胶囊人工饲料的黄带犀猎蝽若虫生长发育和繁殖的相关生物学参数,并比较取食斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura胶囊人工饲料和活虫饲料的黄带犀猎蝽3~5龄若虫对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的捕食功能反应和搜寻效应。结果表明,以斜纹夜蛾胶囊人工饲料饲喂的黄带犀猎蝽若虫可完成完整世代并继续繁殖,其成虫获得率为15.0%,若虫总发育历期为107.6 d,雌、雄成虫体重分别为113.8 mg和84.7 mg,产卵前期为31.3 d,单雌产卵量为117.3粒,卵期为24.5 d,卵孵化率为90.8%;而取食胶囊人工饲料内容物为黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor匀浆液和混合匀浆液的黄带犀猎蝽若虫不能完成完整世代。取食斜纹夜蛾胶囊人工饲料和活虫饲料的黄带犀猎蝽3~5龄若虫的捕食功能反应均符合Holling II型和Holling III型功能反应模型,使用斜纹夜蛾胶囊人工饲料饲养的黄带犀猎蝽对猎物的捕食效果和搜寻效应未受到明显影响,表明该人工饲料可用于黄带犀猎蝽的规模化扩繁。

The assassin bug Sycanus bifidus is widely distributed in southern China.To evaluate the effects of artificial diet feeding on its growth,development,propagation,and pest control abilities,various biological parameters related to growth,development,and propagation of S.bifidus were examined while feeding on different capsule artificial diets.The predatory functional responses and searching effects of 3rd-5th-instar nymphs of S.bifidus were investigated when fed on Spodoptera litura capsule artificial diets and living insect diets,targeting the 3rd-instar larvae of S.litura indoors.The results showed that S.bifidus nymphs could complete an entire generation when feeding on S.litura capsule artificial diets,with an adult acquisition rate of 15.0%,a nymphal duration of 107.6 d,female and male adult body weights of 113.8 mg and 84.7 mg,respectively,a pre-oviposition period of 31.3 d,fecundity per female of 117.3,egg duration of 24.5 d,and an egg hatching rate of 90.8%.However,S.bifidus fed on Tenebrio molitor or a mixture of capsule artificial diets could not complete the entire generation.The predatory functional responses of 3rd-5th-instar nymphs of S.bifidus fed on both S.litura capsule artificial diets and living insect diets fitted the Holling II and Holling III models.Furthermore,the predation and searching effects of S.bifidus were not significantly affected by feeding on S.litura capsule artificial diets.These results indicated that this artificial diet could be applied for the artificial large-scale propagation of S.bifidus.