基层公共服务中的现代国家建构逻辑——基于桂西北A村寨消防实践经验的分析

The Logic of Modern State Construction in Grassroots Public Services—An Analysis Based on the Practical Experience of Fire Protection in A Village in Northwest Guangxi

现代国家在基层公共服务中呈现何种建构逻辑?研究依托于现代国家与公共服务的理论分析,构建了“权力下沉与社会回应”的分析框架,透过桂西北A村寨消防的百年实践历程,揭示出基层公共服务中的国家建构逻辑。研究发现,村寨消防服务的供给是国家深刻作用于社会的结果,国家汲取性权力或回馈性权力的下沉,会引起社会产生正向或负向回应,进而形塑出公共服务的有效供给、自主供给、缺失供给和无效供给结果。在村寨消防公共服务中,现代国家将国家权力渗透于社会日常生活之中,激发出社会的内在活力,形成国家权力与社会活力互相增益的局面,呈现出“在渗透中激活社会”的现代国家建构逻辑。在中国治理场景中,应当重视公共服务在国家建构中的“双向车道”角色,实现国家与社会双向良性互动的现代国家建构。

What is the construction logic of modern states in grassroots public services?This article relies on the theoretical analysis of modern states and public services to construct an analytical framework of“power sinking and social responses”.Through the century-long practice of fire protection in A village in Northwest Guangxi,it reveals the state construction logic in grassroots public services.The study found that the supply of village fire protection services is the result of the profound influence of the state on society.The sinking of state extractive power or feedback power will cause positive or negative responses in society,which in turn shapes the effective supply,autonomous supply,missing supply,and ineffective supply of public services.In village fire protection public services,the modern state infiltrates state power into daily life,stimulates the inherent vitality of society,and forms a mutually beneficial situation between state power and social vitality,presenting a modern state construction logic of“activating society through infiltration”.In the context of Chinese governance,we should pay attention to the“double lanes”role of public services in state construction,and achieve a modern state construction of two-way positive interaction between the state and society.