产业集聚对城市生产性用地配置效率的影响——来自中国九大国家级城市群的证据

Effect of industrial agglomeration on the efficiency of urban productive land allocation:Evidence from China’s nine national-level urban agglomerations

【目的】产业集聚是城市协同分工发展的产物,是推动城市群高质量发展的重要因素。探究产业集聚对城市生产性用地配置效率的影响,分析其作用路径与效果,可为优化城市群资源配置提供科学参考。【方法】本文首先从城市经济理论出发,构造“产业集聚—生产改善—土地利用—配置效率”作用路径阐释产业集聚影响土地配置效率的理论机制。在此基础上,采用2009—2018年全国九大国家级城市群128个地级城市的面板数据,通过松弛值超效率数据包络分析模型测算了生产性用地配置效率,并实证检验了其与产业集聚水平的关联,从区域阶段效应、产业集聚特征效应视角分析了其作用差异与机理。【结果】研究发现:①研究期内,中国城市群生产性用地配置效率呈上升—下降—上升的演化趋势,且在地理分布上大致表现出东部和东北部上升、中部平稳、西部下降的空间差异。②产业集聚程度提高能显著促进生产性用地配置效率的提升。③产业集聚对生产性用地配置效率的促进作用随经济发展水平提高而边际递减。④产业多样化集聚对生产性用地配置效率具有正向促进作用。【结论】产业集聚对中国城市群生产性用地配置的促进作用存在着空间区域差异、集聚效应差异。因此,优化中国城市群产业发展格局需要契合城市群发展特征而进行差异化政策改进,包括加强产业集群资源配置、调整资源向优势区域倾斜、革新地区产业结构形成区域协作三方面内容。

[Objective]Industrial agglomeration is the result of coordinated urban division of labor and is an important factor in promoting the high-quality development of urban agglomerations.Analyzing the effect of industrial agglomeration on the efficiency of productive land allocation in cities provides valuable insights for optimizing resource allocation in urban agglomerations.[Methods]Based on urban economic theory,this study first constructed the theoretical framework of“industrial agglomeration-production improvement-land use allocation efficiency”to explain how industrial agglomeration affects land allocation efficiency.Panel data from 128 prefecture-level cities in China’s nine national-level urban agglomerations from 2009 to 2018 were used to calculate the efficiency of productive land allocation using a super slack-based measure of efficiency data envelopment analysis(Super-SBM DEA)model.The empirical analysis examined the relationship between land allocation efficiency and the level of industrial agglomeration,and analyzed the differences and mechanisms of its effects from the perspectives of regional classification effects and industrial agglomeration characteristics.[Results]The study found the following:(1)During the research period,the efficiency of productive land allocation in the urban agglomerations of China showed an evolving trend of increase-decrease-increase,with spatial differences roughly characterized by an upward trend in the eastern and northeastern regions,stable trend in the central region,and downward trend in the western region.(2)The level of industrial agglomeration has a significant positive impact on the improvement of land allocation efficiency for productive use.(3)The promoting effect of industrial agglomeration on land allocation efficiency for productive use diminishes with the increase in economic development level.(4)Diversified industrial agglomeration have a positive promoting effect.[Conclusion]Therefore,optimizing the industrial development pattern of Chinese urban agglomerations requires differentiated policy improvements that align with the characteristics of urban agglomeration development.This includes strengthening the allocation of resources to industrial agglomerations,adjusting resource allocation towards advantageous areas,and innovating regional industrial structures to foster regional cooperation.Strengthening the coordination of regional resource allocation in urban agglomerations and further improving the efficiency of land allocation for productive use will contribute to achieving sustainable social and economic development.