农业科技现代化背景下县域农业创新生态系统的理论框架与建设思路

Theoretical Framework and Construction Strategy of County Agricultural Innovation Ecosystem under the Background of Agricultural Science and Technology Modernization

在全面实施乡村振兴战略、推进农业农村现代化进程中,把握国家创建农业科技现代化先行县契机,立足县域农业资源禀赋和比较优势,建设县域农业创新生态系统是推进县域农业科技现代化的有效模式。本文结合农业创新管理理论与全国农业科技现代化先行县共建工作实践,对县域农业创新生态系统进行理论框架和建设原则与路径探究。研究发现,县域农业创新生态系统由农业创新群落、农业创新生态环境和农业创新要素循环流动构成,具备地域性差异、开放式协同、多样性共生、自组织演化和面向乡村振兴等主要特征,经历起步、成长、成熟、衰退四个发展阶段,对县域农业科技制度、物质和人才现代化具有重要推进作用;县域农业创新生态系统建设需遵循“群落—环境—要素”三位一体路径,包括打造高质量县域农业创新群落、营造良好的县域农业创新生态环境、促进县域农业创新要素有效配置。

In the process of comprehensively implementing rural revitalization strategy and promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, grasping the opportunity of creating a pioneer county in agricultural science and technology modernization(ASTM),building a county agricultural innovation ecosystem(AIE)is an effective way to promote the ASTM in county areas, based on the agricultural resources endowment and comparative advantages of the county.Combining the theory of agricultural innovation management and the co-construction practice of national pioneer county in ASTM,this paper studies the theoretical framework, construction principles and paths of county AIE.The research conclusions are as follows: The county AIE is composed of agricultural innovation communities, agricultural innovation ecological environments, and circulation of agricultural innovation elements.It has five main characteristics, including region differences, open collaboration, diversity symbiosis, self-organization evolution, and rural revitalization oriented.The county AIE follows the process of start-up, growth, maturity, and decline.It plays an important role in promoting the modernization of county agricultural science and technology institutions, materials, and talents.The county AIE needs to follow the “communities-environments-elements” construction path, including shaping high-quality county agricultural innovation communities, building favorable ecological environments for county agricultural innovation, and promoting effective allocation of county agricultural innovation elements.