文艺中的真理——间谍小说、幽灵书写与闪烁主体

Truth in Art:Spy Novel,Ghost Writing and Flickering Subject

艺术与真理的关系,自古至今向来是聚讼纷争的主题。在当今这个数字合成异常兴盛的时代,这个问题再度引发我们深思。要对此进行回应,首先要突破真与假之间的二元对立,进而将其纳入到复杂的互渗、交织和转化的动态关联中。文学创作尤其是间谍小说为审视此种关系提供了可资借鉴的线索。以勒卡雷为代表的当代间谍小说,不仅深刻延续了克拉考尔等学者所阐释的对空洞现实的诊视,更是围绕背叛这个要点引发我们重思主体性与自由这个根本的主题。结合海德格尔晚期对无基和离基的思辨,以及德里达对幽灵书写的阐发,我们试图将间谍小说中所塑造的背叛性主体视作数字时代见证真理、探索自由的未来可能。

The relationship between art and truth has been one of the hottest topics throughout the intellectual history.In today’s era of very prosperous digital synthesis,this question has once again evoked critical reflection.To respond to this issue,we must first break through the binary opposition between true and false,and then incorporate it into a complex dynamic relationship of interpenetration,interweaving and transformation.Literary creation,especially spy novels,provides useful clues for examining this relationship.Contemporary spy novels represented by Le Carrénot only profoundly continue the diagnosis of empty reality explained by Kracauer and other scholars,but also focus on the key point of betrayal,thus guiding us to rethink the fundamental themes of subjectivity and freedom.Combining Heidegger’s late speculations on Ungrund and Abgrund,and Derrida’s elucidation of ghost writing,we try to regard the subject of betrayal portrayed in spy novels as a future possibility for witnessing truth and exploring freedom in the digital age.