三都澳海岛种子植物区系研究

The Study on Seed Plant Flora of Islands in Sandu Gulf

基于野外调研和资料查询对三都澳6个海岛种子植物区系组成进行统计分析,并将其与邻近5个地区进行对比分析,以期为海岛生物多样性保护以及可持续发展提供参考。结果表明,三都澳6个海岛种子植物为109科362属548种,多样性较高;以禾本科、菊科和大戟科为优势科,寡种科和单种科在科数上具有优势;生活型比较多样,种数较多的为草本和灌木;科、属的分布区类型较多,区系呈现明显的热带特征和过渡性。三都澳6个海岛种子植物区系与周边大陆山体——茫荡山自然保护区、福安白云山自然保护区、黄楮林自然保护区的相似度较低,而与连江5个无居民海岛、浙江南麂岛的相似度较高,可能与海岛区别于大陆的特殊生境有关;三都澳6个海岛种子植物区系与连江5个无居民海岛的相似度明显高于其与浙江南麂岛的相似度,可能与纬度、距离及受人类活动影响的情况有关。在此基础上,提出保护原生植物、特色植物以及珍稀植物,实施生态防护工程,进行植物检疫,修复受损海岸等建议。

Based on field investigation and data query,the flora composition of seed plants on six islands in Sandu Gulf was analyzed,and compared with that of five neighboring regions,so as to provide reference for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development of islands.The results showed that there were 109 families,362 genera and 548 species of seed plants on six islands in Sandu Gulf,with high diversity.The dominant families were Gramineae,Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae,and the oligospecies and monospecies were superior in the number of families.The plant life forms were diverse,and numbers of species of herbs and shrubs were larger.There were many distribution types of families and genera,and the flora showed obvious tropical characteristics and transitional characteristics.The seed plant flora of six islands in Sandu Gulf had low similarity with the surrounding mainland mountains,such as Mangdang Mountain Nature Reserve,Baiyun Mountain Nature Reserve in Fuan,and Huangchulin Nature Reserve,but high similarity with five uninhabited islands in Lianjiang and Nanji Island in Zhejiang,which may be related to the special habitat of the islands.The similarity of the seed plant flora between six islands in Sandu Gulf and five uninhabited islands in Lianjiang was significantly higher than that between six islands in Sandu Gulf and Nanji Island in Zhejiang,which may be related to the latitude,distance and the influence of human activities.Hence,suggestions were put forward:protecting native plants,characteristic plants and rare plants,implementing ecological protection projects,carrying out plant quarantine,and repairing the damaged coast.