中国超临界CO_(2)管道输送技术进展及展望

Development and prospect of supercritical CO_(2) pipeline transmission technology in China

[目的]随着“双碳”目标任务持续推进,中国的碳捕集、利用与封存(Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage, CCUS)作为实现大规模碳减排的托底技术迅速发展,作为CCUS产业链中连接上下游的关键环节——CO_(2)管道工程建设也迎来了黄金发展机遇。然而,中国CO_(2)管道工程建设起步较晚,为了推动中国CO_(2)管道工程建设与发展,亟待对CO_(2)管道输送关键难题与核心技术开展系统攻关,并建立CO_(2)管道输送技术标准体系。[方法]基于文献调研对中国CO_(2)管道输送技术发展现状进行梳理评述,从CO_(2)相特性、管输工艺、管道安全、软件仿真、标准规范等方面总结分析了CO_(2)管道输送技术的重要进展,并根据中国的碳源碳汇分布特点对未来CO_(2)管道规划及管输技术发展提出建议与展望。[结果]与欧美国家相比,目前中国长距离超临界CO_(2)管道工程较为欠缺,仅齐鲁石化—胜利油田的密相CO_(2)管道工程建成投产,此外大庆石化、吉林石化CO_(2)管道工程处于初步设计阶段,未来CO_(2)管道工程建设将持续加速。[结论]中国的超临界CO_(2)管道输送已拥有一定的技术储备,但在中试试验的测试及理论模型改进方面仍需继续攻关,同时应加速推动相关技术的工程示范应用,完善CO_(2)管道输送技术标准体系,以期为未来区域千万吨级CO_(2)管道运输网络以及区域间CO_(2)干线管道规划建设提供全面有力支撑。

[Objective]Amidst the ongoing pursuit of"dual carbon"goals,Carbon Capture,Utilization,and Storage(CCUS)has rapidly progressed as a foundational technology facilitating significant carbon emission reductions in China.Serving as a crucial link between upstream and downstream activities in the CCUS industry chain,the construction of CO_(2) pipelines is capitalizing on its golden development opportunities.To propel the construction and growth of CO_(2) pipelines in China,a relative latecomer in this realm,it is imperative to systematically address key challenges and core technologies associated with CO_(2) pipeline transmission while establishing a comprehensive technical standard system.[Methods]Literature research was undertaken to review and evaluate the current development status of CO_(2) pipeline transmission technologies.The significant advancements in CO_(2) pipeline transmission technologies were summarized through an in-depth analysis of various facets such as CO_(2) phase behaviors,the pipeline transmission process,pipeline safety,software simulations,and standards and specifications.Recommendations and future outlooks for planning CO_(2) pipelines and developing pipeline transmission technologies were delineated,considering the distinctive characteristics of carbon sources and sinks in China.[Results]In contrast to European nations and the United States,China faces a shortage in establishing long-distance supercritical CO_(2) pipelines.Currently,the only operational project is a dense phase CO_(2) pipeline linking the facilities of Sinopec Qilu Petrochemical Company(Qilu Petrochemical)with Shengli Oilfield.Additionally,the CO_(2) pipeline projects of PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company(Daqing Petrochemical)and Sinopec Jilin Oil Products Company(Jilin Petrochemical)remain in the preliminary design phase.As a result,it is foreseeable that the pace of CO2 pipeline construction in China will increase in the future.[Conclusion]China has developed a certain level of technical expertise for supercritical CO_(2) pipeline transmission.However,additional endeavors are required to address challenges in pilot testing and enhance theoretical models.Simultaneously,there is a need to advance engineering applications to demonstrate related technologies and enhance the standard system of CO_(2) pipeline transmission technologies.These steps are crucial to offer extensive and strong support for planning and building regional ten-million-ton CO_(2) pipeline transmission networks and interregional CO_(2) trunk pipelines in the future.