职业教育学生技能的发展机理与模型构建

Development Mechanism and Model Construction of Students' Skills of Vocational Education

产业转型升级时期,要求职业教育关注学生的技能发展。首先,以“技能的内在向度、学习情境、技能的外在向度”为核心要素,建立技能发展的闭环系统和具体程序,从而明确职业教育学生技能的发展机理;其次,通过对德雷福斯模型进行职业教育领域的适应性改造,逐次形成“规则依赖型、情境依赖型、迅速反应型、融入情境型、直觉创新型”的职业教育学生技能发展五阶段;最后,基于工作过程系统化课程的耦合特性、闭环特性、迁移特性以及连续特性,构建“PSDF”职业教育学生技能发展模型。

During the period of industrial transformation and upgrading,the development of students' skills of vocational education must be concerned.Firstly,with“the intrinsic dimension of the skill,learning context,the extrinsic dimension of the skill”as the core elements,the closed-loop system and specific procedures for skill development are established,so as to clarify the development mechanism of students' skills of vocational education;secondly,based on the adaptive transformation of Dreyfus model in the field of vocational education,five stages of students' skills development consisting of“rule-dependent,context-dependent,rapid response,integration into context,and intuitive innovation”could be determined;finally,based on the coupling characteristics,closed-loop characteristics,migration characteristics and continuous characteristics of the Curriculum Design Paradigm for Systematized Working Process,the“PBFSM”students' skills development model of vocational education could be constructed.