洗钱罪的保护法益及其规范适用

Rechtsgut of Money Laundering and Its Judicial Application

在洗钱罪与掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得、犯罪所得收益罪并行的立法体例中,如何认识洗钱罪的法益类型,对于确定洗钱罪与相应犯罪之间的关系具有重要意义。洗钱罪的法益包括金融管理秩序与正常的司法活动。现有理论上根据洗钱罪的行为主体范围和上游犯罪的预防必要性,将洗钱罪法益扩展至上游犯罪保护法益的观点值得商榷。洗钱罪与掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得、犯罪所得收益罪之间不符合想象竞合犯的内在构造,两者属于交叉型的法条竞合关系。洗钱罪的法益损害程度需要综合考察主客观要素,其中,上游犯罪与洗钱行为对洗钱罪的法益损害具有一定影响,并会影响到洗钱罪的刑罚裁量和适用。

Within the legislation framework where money laundering crimes coexist with crimes related to concealing,disguising the proceeds of crime,and benefiting from the proceeds of crime,how to identify the types of legal interests of the crime of money laundering is of great significance for determining the relationship between the crime of money laundering and corresponding crimes.The legal interests of the crime of money laundering include the financial management order and normal judicial activities.In theory,according to the scope of subjects of the crime of money laundering and the necessity of preventing upstream crimes,the view that the legal interests of the crime of money laundering may be extended to the protection interests of upstream crimes is open to discussion.The internal structure of the relationship among money laundering and crimes related to concealing,and disguising the proceeds of crime,and crimes related to the proceeds of crime does not conform to the construct of imagined concurrence;rather,they exhibit an intersecting relationship of overlap of articles of law.The degree of damage to the legal interests of the crime of money laundering requires the comprehensive examination of the subjective and objective elements,among which,upstream crimes and money laundering activities have a certain impact on the damage to the legal interests of the crime of money laundering,as well as the discretion and application of the penalties for the crime of money laundering.