创新集群韧性的形成机制与提升路径

The Formation Mechanism and Improvement Path of Innovation Cluster Resilience

创新集群引领科技创新与经济增长,在全球面临政治经济与公共危机不确定性挑战的背景下,创新集群韧性成为抗风险、促增长的关键。创新集群韧性由创新集群的形成因素与集群韧性的增强因素构成,主要包括知识集聚、政策策动、城市与区域规划的互动,市场驱动和政府规划在发达国家创新集群韧性提升中的作用不尽一致,多数发展中国家的创新集群由政府主导,政府行为会最终影响创新集群的韧性塑造。中国创新集群的发展已经取得长足进步,但尚未形成政策引领下的协同治理,存在主导产业重叠与资源冲突的问题,多数创新集群的知识溢出受制于非正式制度约束的影响。中国创新集群韧性的提升应当通过知识溢出提升集群主体危机应对能力,加强中央与地方政府各部门的协同治理,适当引入创新集群竞争机制,通过更合理的城市与区域规划引领创新集群的开放式发展。如何通过有为政府与有效市场的有机结合不断提升创新集群韧性,值得持续关注与探讨。

Innovation clusters lead scientific and technological innovation and economic growth.Under the background of uncertain challenges of political economy and public crisis in the world,the resilience of innovation clusters has become the key to resist risks and promote growth.Innovation cluster resilience consists of influencing factors shaping innovation clusters and strengthening factors of cluster resilience,mainly including interaction between knowledge agglomeration,policy initiation,and urban and regional planning.Market-driven and government planning play inexhaustible roles in improving the resilience of innovation clusters in developed countries.Consistently,the innovation clusters of most developing countries are dominated by the government,and government behavior will ultimately affect the resilience of innovation clusters.The development of China's innovation clusters has made great progress,but collaborative governance under the guidance of policies has not yet been formed.There are problems of overlapping leading industries and resource conflicts.The knowledge spillover of most innovation clusters is subject to the influence of informal institutional constraints.To improve the resilience of China's innovation clusters,we should enhance the crisis response capabilities of cluster entities through knowledge spillovers,strengthen the coordinated governance of central and local government departments,appropriately introduce innovation cluster competition mechanisms,and lead the open development of innovation clusters through more reasonable urban planning.Continuously improving the resilience of innovation clusters through the organic combination of the government and the market deserves continued attention and discussion.