茶叶活性成分调节肠道菌群影响脂质代谢

Tea active ingredients affect lipid metabolism by regulating gut microbiota

在人体脂质代谢过程中,脂类及其代谢产物的异常可增加患多种疾病的风险,因此维持正常的脂质代谢水平,有助于机体保持健康状态。茶是世界上消费最广泛的饮料之一,其丰富的内含物质及活性成分已被证实对减少人体脂肪和预防肥胖作用显著。在茶叶调节脂质代谢的途径中,其活性成分能与肠道菌群相互作用,可改善肠道菌群组成及稳态,有助于维护肠道屏障功能,调节脂肪的消耗和积累,是茶叶参与脂质代谢的重要组成部分。该文围绕茶叶活性成分,综述了近年来茶多酚、茶多糖、咖啡碱等成分,从菌属相对丰度、胆汁酸代谢及菌群与茶叶代谢产物相互作用等不同的方式来调节肠道微生态的生物学功能,从而影响脂质代谢,为相关研究提供最新的理论参考。

In the process of human lipid metabolism,the abnormality of lipids and their metabolites can increase the risk of suffering from a variety of diseases.Therefore,maintaining normal lipid metabolism level is helpful for the body to maintain a healthy state.Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world.Its rich contents and active ingredients have been proved to have a significant effect on reducing body fat and preventing obesity.In the way that tea regulates lipid metabolism,its active ingredients can interact with gut microbiota,improve the composition and homeostasis of gut microbiota,help to maintain intestinal barrier function,and regulate fat consumption and accumulation,which is an important part of tea participating in lipid metabolism.This review focuses on the active components of tea,including tea polyphenols,tea polysaccharides and caffeine,which regulate the biological functions of intestinal microecology in different ways,such as the relative abundance of bacteria,bile acid metabolism,and the interaction between bacteria and tea metabolites,thus affecting lipid metabolism,providing the latest scientific evidence for related research.