洞雷侗语单音节词声调的语音描写——兼论侗语次阴调的声学性质

Phonetic Description of the Tones of Monosyllabic Words in Donglei Kam:Exploring Acoustic Properties of the Ciyin Tonal Register in Kam

本文采用声调增长曲线分析法和线性混合模型分析法,分别对洞雷侗语单音节词声调音高、时长和发声态进行了统计分析,深度探究其声调格局及次阴调的语音特点。研究结果说明,洞雷侗语共有13个单音节声调,其中平调3个、升调2个,降调7个,升降调1个。相对于全阴调而言,洞雷侗语所有独立的次阴调具有斜率更大的声调曲线。此外,只有短入次阴调的起始阶段具有更高的气化程度,在声学上体现为更高的H1*-A1*值和更低的CPP值。本文还讨论了洞雷侗语舒声和入声的调值对应关系,及其所蕴含的声调演变机制。

This study conducted statistical analyses of the pitch,duration,and phonation of tones of monosyllabic words in Donglei洞雷Kam via the growth curve analysis and linear mixed-effect model approaches.We aim to explore the tonal pattern of Donglei Kam and to describe phonetic characteristics of lexical tones that are part of the Ciyin次阴tonal register.Results showed that Donglei Kam had a tonal system of thirteen lexical tones,including three level tones,two rising tones,seven falling tones,and one peaking tone.Compared with the Quanyin全阴tonal register,all independent tones of the Ciyin tonal register in Donglei Kam exhibited a more rising contour.Furthermore,only the checked tones(with short vowels)in the Ciyin tonal register displayed a higher degree of breathiness at their onset stages,manifesting acoustically higher H1*-A1*values and lower CPP values.This study also discussed the correspondence between the unchecked and the checked tones in Donglei Kam,as well as the underlying mechanisms of tonal changes.