论维吾尔语bar-“给”义动词的语法化

Grammaticalization of the Verb bar-"to give"in Uyghur

本文通过对古今维吾尔语的考察,分析动词bar-的语法化过程,集中论述利他标记和无阻标记的形成和演变特点。利他意义在历史上通过-(y)U bar-、-I bar-、-A bar-和-0p bar-等不同形式来表达。在语言演变过程中,-pbar-取代其他形式成为现代维吾尔语表示利他意义的专用标记。此外,利他标记在有些语境中也可用来表示受损义。无阻意义由-A bar-、-0y bar-等形式来表达。在现代维吾尔语中,-0y bar-已消失,-A bar-则经过语音融合而词缀化了。

This paper investigates the grammaticalization process of the verb bar-by examining the written sources from the runiform inscriptions up to modern Uyghur.The primary focus of this study is to explore the formation and developmental characteristics of both the benefactive marker and the uninterrupted marker.The research results show that the benefactive meaning used to be expressed with different forms,such as-(v)U bar-,-I bar-,-A bar-and-0p bar-.However,in the process of language change,-p bar-has replaced the other forms and has become a special functional element for expressing benefaction in modern Uyghur.In addition,the so-called benefactive marker may be used to denote malefactive situations in certain contexts.The uninterrupted meaning is expressed by-A bar-and-0y bar-in written documents.In modern Uyghur,-0y bar-has disappeared and-A bar-has developed into a suffix.