大花序桉和托里桉生长量及主要材性比较

Comparison of Growth and Main Wood Properties Between Eucalyptus cloeziana and Eucalyptus torelliana

于2014年在福建漳州龙海九龙岭国有林场,选取12年生大花序桉和托里桉人工林为研究对象,对其生长量、木材物理和力学性质进行研究。结果表明,大花序桉平均胸径、平均树高、平均单株材积、单位面积木材蓄积量分别是托里桉的1.4倍、1.39倍、2.56倍、1.43倍。大花序桉、托里桉木材的气干密度分别为0.77、0.58 g·cm^(-3),全干和气干时的干缩率分别为15.8%和9.9%、14.4%和9.7%,气干时和吸水后的湿胀性分别为7.2%和19.0%、5.5%和16.9%。大花序桉木材的顺纹抗压强度为67.8 MPa、抗弯强度为135.9 MPa,高于托里桉;同时大花序桉的端面、径面和弦面硬度均高于托里桉。综合结果表明,与托里桉相比,大花序桉具有较高的生产力,木材物理力学性质优良,木材综合强度属中上,是优良的实木用材。研究结果可为大花序桉和托里桉的科学经营及木材利用提供参考。

In 2014,12-year-old Eucalyptus cloeziana and Eucalyptus torelliana plantations in Zhangzhou,Fujian Province were selected as the research objects,and their biomass,productivity,wood physical and mechanical properties,and stem shape curves were studied to provide a reference for the scientific management and rational use of wood from E.cloeziana and E.torelliana.The results showed that the average DBH of E.cloeziana was 1.4 times that of E.torelliana,the average tree height of E.cloeziana was 1.39 times that of E.torelliana,the average individual volume of E.cloeziana was 2.56 times that of E.torelliana,and the wood volume per unit area of E.cloeziana was 1.43 times that of E.torelliana.The air-dried wood densities of E.cloeziana and E.torelliana were 0.78 g·cm^(-3)and 0.58 g·cm^(-3),respectively.The dry shrinkage rates of E.cloeziana wood under full drying and air drying were 15.9%and 9.9%,respectively.The dry shrinkage rates of E.torelliana wood under full drying and air drying were 14.4%and 9.7%,respectively.The swelling ratios of E.cloeziana were 7.2%and 19%at air-drying and after water absorption,respectively.The swelling ratios of E.torelliana were 5.5%and 16.9%at air-drying and after water absorption,respectively.Based on the growth of E.cloeziana and E.torelliana and the density,shrinkage and swelling of wood,it can be seen that the growth and material of E.cloeziana are generally better than that of E.torelliana.The results show that the material of E.cloeziana is fine and hard,the compressive strength parallel to the grain is 67.8 MPa,and the bending strength is 135.9 MPa,which is higher than the compressive strength parallel to the grain and the bending strength of E.torelliana.It shows that E.cloeziana is an excellent material for making furniture,handicrafts,musical instruments and other uses.