不同林分下套种红菇的根际土壤微生物群落特征

Characteristics of Soil Microbial Communities of Russula under Different Location Conditions

于2021年在福建省三明市将乐县常口村,对3种林分(马尾松套种红菇,简称YXA;米槠马尾松混交林套种红菇,简称YXB;杉木马尾松混交林套种红菇,简称YXC)下套种红菇的根际土壤进行宏基因组测序并分析,探讨不同林地类型对红菇土壤微生物群落变化的影响。结果表明:3种林分下红菇根际土壤微生物多样性有差异,多样性大小排序为YXB>YXC>YXA,YXB的根际土壤微生物多样性更丰富且根际土真菌群落多样性指数更高。根际土壤微生物优势菌群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)。KEGG 3级通路功能预测显示,YXA组主要集中在蛋白激酶途径、转录机制途径、复制和修复途径、转录因子途径;YXB组有6条通路丰度比较高:伴侣和折叠催化剂、肽酶和抑制剂途径、糖基转移酶途径、谷胱甘肽代谢、细胞周期盲杆菌、脂多糖生物合成蛋白;YXC组有3条通路丰度比较高:卟啉和叶绿素代谢、果糖和甘露糖代谢、苯丙胺酸代谢。综合结果表明,红菇会根据生长需要特异性地选择对自己生长有益的土壤微生物,形成不同的微生物群落,以YXB模式效果最好。研究结果可为红菇的人工促繁,扩大林下食用菌规模提高参考。

In 2021,in Changkou Village,Jianle County,Sanming City,Fujian Province,three types of forest stands(Pinus massoniana Lamb-Russula symbiotic system,referred to as YXA;mixed Castanopsis carlesii and Pinus massoniana Lamb forest-Russula symbiotic system,referred to as YXB;mixed Pinus massoniana Lamb and Cunninghamia lanceolata forest-Russula symbiotic system,referred to as YXC)were studied.The rhizosphere soil of Russula was subjected to metagenomic sequencing and analysis to investigate the influence of different types of forest stands on the microbial community changes in Russula soil.The results showed that there were differences in microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Russula under the three types of forest stands,with the diversity ranking as YXB>YXC>YXA.YXB has richer microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil and higher diversity index of rhizosphere fungi community.The dominant microbial flora in rhizosphere soil are Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria.The function prediction of KEGG 3 pathway shows that YXA group mainly focuses on protein kinase pathway,transcription mechanism pathway,replication and repair pathway and transcription factor pathway.In YXB group,there were six pathways with high abundance:chaperone and folding catalyst,peptidase and inhibitor pathway,glycosyltransferase pathway,glutathione metabolism,cell cycle blindness and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis protein.There were three pathways with high abundance in YXC group:porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism,fructose and mannose metabolism and amphetamine acid metabolism.Russula will specifically select soil microorganisms that were beneficial to its growth according to its growth needs,and form different microbial communities.Therefore,it was suggested to popularize YXB(interplanting Russula in mixed forest of Castanopsis carlesii and Pinus massoniana)model,which can provide theoretical basis for artificial propagation of Russula,which is of great significance for sustainable utilization of Russula,expanding the scale of edible fungi under forests and improving economic benefits.