儿童中高度近视的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of medium and high myopia in children

目的 分析儿童中高度近视的影响因素。方法 选取2022年6月至12月河北省眼科医院接诊的31例中高度近视儿童作为观察组,选取同时间段31例低度近视儿童作为对照组,收集两组的临床资料,进行单因素分析和多因素分析。结果 两组性别比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);两组年龄、父母近视、户外活动时间、使用电子产品时间、眼轴长度、黄斑区脉络膜厚度比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素分析显示,年龄≥12岁、父母近视、户外活动时间<2 h、使用电子产品时间> 2 h、眼轴长度≥26 mm、黄斑区脉络膜变薄是儿童中高度近视的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 儿童中高度近视与年龄、父母近视、户外活动时间不足、过度用眼以及眼部解剖结构改变有关,应及早引导儿童养成良好的用眼习惯。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of medium and high myopia in children.Methods A total of 31 children with medium and high myopia in Hebei Eye Hospital from June to December 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 31 children with low myopia in the same period were selected as the control group.The clinical data of the two groups were collected for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results There was no significant difference in gender between the two groups(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in age,parental myopia,outdoor activity time,electronic product use time,optic axis length,and thickness of choroidal in macular lutea between the two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age≥12 years old,parental myopia,outdoor activity time<2 hours,electronic product use time>2 hours,optic axis length≥26 mm,and choroidal in macular lutea thinning were risk factors of medium and high myopia in children(P<0.05).Conclusion Medium and high myopia in children is related to age,parental myopia,insufficient outdoor activity time,excessive use of eyes and changes in eye anatomical structure.Children should be guided to develop good eye habits as early as possible.