四川省农村老年人健康管理认知及需求研究

Study on the cognition and needs of health management among rural elderly in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省农村老年人的健康管理认知及需求现况。方法采用多阶段抽样方法抽取744名四川农村老年人进行问卷调查,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析老年人健康管理认知和需求的影响因素。结果416人(55.9%)了解健康管理,604人(81.1%)需要健康管理服务。60岁以前职业为非务农(OR=1.895)、文化程度高(OR=1.320)、年医疗支出多(OR=1.362)、日常饮食控制较注意(OR=1.264)的老年人更了解健康管理,无配偶/伴侣者(OR=0.680)对健康管理了解更差。患慢性病(OR=1.519)、60岁以前职业为非务农(OR=1.953)、日常饮食控制较注意(OR=1.810)的老年人更需要健康管理服务,对自身健康满意度高者(OR=0.576)对健康管理服务的需要较低。结论四川农村老年人对健康管理的认知较差但需求较高。应进一步完善该地健康管理工作,尤其是要提升文化程度低、无配偶/伴侣、60岁以前务农老年人的健康管理认知水平。

Objective To understand the cognition and needs of health management among rural elderly in Sichuan Province.Method A questionnaire survey was conducted among 744 rural elderly people in Sichuan Province with multistage sampling method,and the influencing factors of cognition and needs of health management among elderly people were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression model.Results There were 416(55.9%)who knew about health management and 604(81.1%)who needed health management services.The elderly with nonagricultural occupation before 60 years old(OR=1.895),had higher education level(OR=1.320),more annual medical expenditure(OR=1.362),and paid more attention to daily diet control(OR=1.264)had better knowledge of health management,and those without spouse/partner had worse knowledge of health management(OR=0.680).The elderly with chronic diseases(OR=1.519),with nonagricultural occupation before 60 years old(OR=1.953),and paid more attention to daily diet control(OR=1.810)needed health management services more,and those with high satisfaction with their own health(OR=0.576)needed health management services less.Conclusions The rural elderly in Sichuan Province have poor cognition of health management but high needs.Health management in the region should be further improved,especially to improve the health management cognition of the elderly with low education level,no spouse/partner,and farming before the age of 60.