颈动脉彩超评价原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化的临床价值

Clinical Value of Carotid Artery Ultrasonography in Evaluating Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Essential Hypertension

目的探究颈动脉彩超对原发性高血压(EH)患者颈动脉粥样硬化(AS)的临床检测价值。方法以2022年1月-2023年5月萍乡市赣西肿瘤医院收治的70例EH患者为研究对象,将其中51例EH合并AS者设为AS组,另19例单纯EH患者设为非AS组,两组均给予颈动脉彩超检查,比较其颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、颈动脉收缩期最大流速(PSV)与颈动脉斑块数量,AS组颈动脉斑块的声像图表现(回声强度、斑块大小、斑块形状),分析颈动脉彩超对EH患者颈动脉AS的诊断价值。结果AS组IMT、PSV参数及颈动脉斑块数量均高于非AS组(P<0.05)。AS组颈动脉斑块的回声强度以高回声最为多见,占比72.55%,斑块大小平均为(0.20±0.09)mm2,斑块形状以不规则型斑块为主,占比60.78%。彩色多普勒超声对EH患者颈动脉AS的诊断准确性为91.43%,敏感度为92.16%,特异度为89.47%。结论颈动脉彩超可有效评估EH患者的颈动脉粥样病变情况,具有较高诊断效能。

Objective To explore the clinical value of carotid artery ultrasonography in the detection of carotid atherosclerosis(AS)in patients with essential hypertension(EH).Methods From January 2022 to May 2023,70 patients with EH admitted to Ganxi Tumor Hospital of Pingxiang City were selected as the research objects.Among them,51 patients with EH combined with AS were set as the AS group,and the other 19 patients with simple EH were set as the non-AS group.Carotid ultrasonography was performed in both groups to compare the carotid intima-media thickness(IMT),peak systolic velocity(PSV)of carotid artery and the number of carotid plaques.The sonographic image(echo intensity,plaque size,plaque shape)of carotid plaques in the AS group were analyzed to analyze the diagnostic value of carotid ultrasonography for carotid AS in EH patients.Results IMT,PSV parameters and number of carotid plaques in AS group were higher than those in non-AS group(P<0.05).The echo intensity of carotid plaque in AS group was the most common,accounting for 72.55%.The average size of plaque was(0.20±0.09)mm2,and the shape of plaque was mainly irregular plaque,accounting for 60.78%.The diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound for carotid AS in EH patients was 91.43%,the sensitivity was 92.16%,and the specificity was 89.47%.Conclusion Carotid ultrasonography can effectively evaluate the carotid atherosclerosis in patients with EH,and has high diagnostic efficiency.