微小RNA与心力衰竭诊断治疗及预后评价关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between microRNAs and the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of heart failure

心力衰竭是多种心血管疾病的复杂而共同的终点,由各种类型的心脏病引起。微小RNA(miR)是一类22个核苷酸左右长度的内源性非编码性的小分子RNA,可对细胞的生长、分化、增殖、凋亡等生命活动起调控作用。大量研究表明miR参与多种心力衰竭发生发展的过程,如心肌细胞肥大、心肌纤维化、心脏能量代谢异常等,且miR在各种心血管疾病中有特定的表达谱,预示着miR有望成为心血管疾病的新型生物学标志物。除此之外,目前有60余种基于miR的治疗药物处于不同的开发阶段,例如通过靶miR模拟物或拮抗物、miR抑制剂等方式靶向调节内源性miR水平来治疗,miR可能是新治疗策略的潜在靶标。本综述总结了miR与心力衰竭诊断、治疗及预后评价之间的关系。

Heart failure is a complex and common endpoint of many cardiovascular diseases,caused by various types of heart disease.MicroRNA(miR)is a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules with a length of about 22 nucleotides,which can regulate the growth,differentiation,proliferation,apoptosis and other life activities of cells.A large number of studies have shown that miR is involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of heart failure,such as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,myocardial fibrosis,and abnormal cardiac energy metabolism,and miR has a specific expression profile in various cardiovascular diseases,indicating that miR is expected to become a new biomarker for cardiovascular diseases.In addition,more than 60 miR-based therapeutic drugs are currently in different stages of development,such as targeting miR mimics or antagonists,miR inhibitors and other ways to regulate endogenous miR levels.The miR may be a potential target for new therapeutic strategies.This review summarizes the relationship between miR and the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of heart failure.