个体化营养护理对糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者生活质量及营养状况的影响

Effects of Individualized Nutritional Care on Quality of Life and Nutritional Status of Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy

目的探究糖尿病肾病(Diabetic Nephropathy,DN)维持性血液透析患者实施个体化营养护理的效果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月呼和浩特市中医蒙医医院接受维持性血液透析治疗的60例DN患者为研究对象,采用信封法分为常规组(常规饮食护理)和观察组(个体化营养护理),各30例。对比两组患者营养状况、生活质量评分、血糖水平。结果干预前,两组营养状态评分、生活质量评分及血糖水平对比,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);干预30 d后,与常规组相比,观察组营养状态评分(9.54±2.13)分更低,生活质量评分(95.41±3.12)分更高,空腹血糖(6.15±0.31)mmol/L及餐后2 h血糖水平(7.64±1.16)mmol/L均更低,差异有统计学意义(t=2.759、3.402、2.487、2.189,P均<0.05)。结论DN患者行维持性血液透析治疗中,接受常规饮食护理基础上加入个体化营养护理,可改善患者营养状态及生活质量,血糖水平控制效果更佳。

Objective To investigate the effect of individualized nutritional care in maintenance hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods 60 cases of DN patients received maintenance hemodialysis treatment ad-mitted to Hohhot Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mongolian Medicine from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study objects,and they were divided into conventional group(conventional dietary care)and observation group(individualized nutritional care)by the envelope method,with 30 cases in each group.Nutritional status,quality of life,and blood glucose level of the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically sig-nificant differences in nutritional status scores,quality of life scores and blood glucose levels between the two groups before intervention(all P>0.05).After 30 d of intervention,compared with the conventional group,the nutritional sta-tus score(9.54±2.13)points was lower,quality of life score(95.41±3.12)points was higher,and fasting blood glucose(6.15±0.31)mmol/L and 2 h postprandial blood glucose level(7.64±1.16)mmol/L were lower in the observation group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.759,3.402,2.487,2.189,all P<0.05).Conclusion In the mainte-nance hemodialysis treatment of DN patients,the addition of individualized nutritional care on the basis of conven-tional dietary care can improve the nutritional status and quality of life of the patients,and the control of blood glucose level is better.