考虑有序充电策略的多车型电动公交调度优化

Optimal electric bus scheduling with multiple vehicle types considering coordinated recharging strategy

为解决时空客流不均衡带来的供需失衡问题,提出一种基于客流变化特征的多车型电动公交车调度优化方法。针对不同类型电动公交车辆的运营特性差异,考虑分时电价和有序充电策略,建立多车型电动公交车调度模型,协同优化车辆行车计划、充电方案及车队配置。设计遗传算法求解模型,并以南京市部分线路为例验证模型效果。案例表明:与仅采用小型车和大型车的调度方案相比,多车型调度方案的系统总成本分别降低8.26%和11.25%,证明本文方法不仅能提高公交服务水平,而且可有效降低公交系统运营成本,其中充电成本下降25.63%,表明有序充电策略能够充分利用低电价区间。灵敏度分析表明,单位时间成本和折旧成本系数是影响多车型车队构成的重要因素。

To solve the problem of supply-demand mismatch caused by the imbalance of time-space passenger flow,this paper proposes an electric bus scheduling method with multiple vehicle types based on the characteristics of passenger flow variety.In view of the operating characteristics difference of multiple vehicle types,considering the time-of-use electricity price and coordinated charging strategy,an electric bus scheduling model is established to jointly optimize the vehicle driving plan,charging scheme and fleet configuration.A genetic algorithm model is designed to solve the problem,and a network in Nanjing are taken as examples to verify the effect of the model.compared with the small and large type scheduling scheme,the total system cost of the scheduling scheme with multiple vehicle types is reduced by 8.26%and 11.25%,respectively.The results show that the proposed method can not only improve the public transport service level,but also effectively reduce the operation cost of the public transport system.