基于AHP法的黄金百香果气候品质评估

Climatic quality assessment of golden passion fruit based on AHP

为摸清福建省武平县黄金百香果(Passiflora edulis Sims)的气候品质特征,利用武平县2012—2021年气象观测资料,采用查阅文献和专家经验法明确影响黄金百香果品质的气象关键期和关键因子,构建品质气候适宜度指标和气象灾害指标,基于层次分析法确定各指标权重,通过加权集成法建立黄金百香果气候品质评估模型,得出气候品质评估指数,划分气候品质等级并开展评估,最后将黄金百香果气候品质指数与果实实际品质进行对比验证。结果表明,影响武平县黄金百香果品质的主要气象因子是采摘前30 d的平均最高气温和平均日温差、采前60 d的日照时数和平均相对湿度,主要气象灾害是干旱和高温。从武平县3个不同采摘阶段的黄金百香果气候品质指数来看,9月上旬各乡镇采摘的黄金百香果气候品质指数均在2.0以上,产出的百香果品质最高,7月下旬至8月上旬和10月下旬至11月上旬采摘的品质次之。不同年份黄金百香果的平均气候品质指数为2.1~2.7,其中2014年最高。近10年武平县黄金百香果优和特优等级比例高达94.4%,其中特优等级比例达35.2%,尤以象洞镇表现最好。

In order to understand the climate quality characteristics of golden passion fruit(Passiflora edulis Sims)in Wuping County,Fujian Province,the meteorological observation data from 2012 to 2021 in Wuping County were used to clarify the meteorological critical period and key factors affecting the quality of golden passion fruit by consulting literature and expert experience method,and the quality climate suitability index and meteorological disaster index were constructed.Based on the analytic hierarchy process,the weight of each index was determined,and the climate quality evaluation model of golden passion fruit was established by the weighted integration method.The climate quality evaluation index was obtained,and the climate quality grade was divided and evaluated.Finally,the climate quality index of golden passion fruit was compared with the actual fruit quality.The results showed that the main meteorological factors affecting the quality of golden passion fruit in Wuping County were the average maximum temperature and average daily temperature difference of 30 d before picking,and sunshine hours and average relative humidity of 60 d before picking.The main meteorological disasters were drought and high temperature.From the point of view of the climate quality index of golden passion fruit in the excellent quality three different picking stages in Wuping County,the climate quality index of passion fruit picked in early September was above 2.0,and the quality of passion fruit was the highest,followed by those picked from late July to early August and late October to early November.The average climate quality index of golden passion fruit in different years ranged from 2.1 to 2.7,with the highest in 2014.In the past 10 years,the rate of excellent quality and special of golden passion in Wuping County was as high as94.4%,of which the rate of special excellent quality reached 35.2%,especially Xiangdong Town performed best.