洱海水鸟多样性及种群时空格局

Diversity and Population Spatiotemporal Pattern of Waterfowl in Erhai Lake

为了全面掌握洱海水鸟资源现状,2021年3月—2022年2月开展洱海水鸟调查。共记录到9目13科67种,其中古北种40种,广布种17种,东洋种10种;冬候鸟占比59.70%,留鸟占比13.43%,过境鸟占比13.43%,夏候鸟占比11.94%,迷鸟占比1.50%。2021年12月全湖最高记录到86000多只水鸟,其中骨顶鸡约64000只。洱海南部、西部和北部水鸟种类和数量居多,东部相对较少。全年记录到国家Ⅰ类保护水鸟3种,国家Ⅱ类保护水鸟7种,洱海水鸟多样性稳定向好转变。

In order to know status quo of waterfowl resource in Erhai lake,investigation of waterfowl resource was carried out from March,2021 to February,2022.Results showed 67 species of waterfowl belonging to 13 families and 9 orders were recorded,there were 40 kinds of Palaearctic species,17 kinds of Widespread species and 10 kinds of Oriental species.Winter migratory birds accounted for 59.70%,resident birds accounted for 13.43%,transit birds accounted for 13.43%,summer migratory birds accounted for 11.94% and straggler birds accounted for 1.50%.The highest recorded number of waterfowl in the entire lake was over 86000,including approximately 64000 Fulica atra.More species and quantity in the south,west and north of Erhai lake were recorded,but those of that were less recorded in the east of Erhai lake.3 species of national Class I protected birds and 7 species of national Class Ⅱ protected birds were recorded.The diversity of waterfowl in Erhai lake was steadily changing for the better.