城市安全评估的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Urban Safety Assessment

为更好地了解城市安全评估的研究热点,总结研究中存在的问题,以CNKI、Web of Science数据库为文献来源,利用Citespace从发文量、学科分布和研究热点等方向进行文献分析,总结现阶段城市安全评估的最新研究进展,从风险、脆弱性、韧性、应急能力4个视角出发,对现有的城市安全评估指标体系与评估模型进行归纳总结,提出城市安全评估存在的主要问题,指出未来的研究方向。结果表明:城市安全评估发文总数呈现波动式增长,其中,安全科学为主学科,建筑安全科学和环境科学为重点关注学科,城市轨道交通学科次之;国内外学者已对城市安全评估开展大量研究,但仍存在城市安全评估基本内涵不清楚,城市安全评估体系、模型普适性差,以及城市安全评估后的指导性建议缺乏实用性等方面的问题;未来将依托智能化大数据平台开展全过程、多灾种、多维度的城市安全评估理论与模型研究。

In order to better understand the research hotspots of the urban safety assessment and summarize the problems in the research,CNKI and Web of Science database were taken as the literature sources,and Citespace was used to analyze the literature in terms of the number of articles,discipline distribution and research hotspots,etc.The latest research progress in the urban safety assessment was summarized,and the existing urban safety assessment index system and assessment models were summarized from the four perspectives of risk,vulnerability,resilience and emergency response capacity.The main problems of urban safety assessment were put forward,and the future research direction was point out.The results show that the total number of articles on the urban safety assessment shows a fluctuating growth,in which the safety science is the main discipline,building safety science and environmental science are the key disciplines of concern,followed by the discipline of the urban rail transit;that scholars at home and abroad have carried out a large number of studies on the urban safety assessment,but there are still problems such as the basic connotation of the urban safety assessment is not clear,the universality of urban safety assessment system and model is poor,and the guiding recommendations of urban safety assessment lacks practicability.In the future,the research on the theory and model of the urban safety assessment with the features of whole process,multi-hazards and multi-dimensions will be carried out based on the intelligence and big data platform.