高校科技伦理课程建设:现状、挑战与对策——基于17所高校的实证研究

Scientific and Technological Ethics Curriculum Construction in Universities:The Status,Challenges and Countermeasures——An Empirical Research Based on 17 Universities

课程建设是科技伦理教育的重要载体。基于17所高校的调查表明,我国高校科技伦理课程建设不断完善,但是也存在重视程度不足以及课程体系有待改进等问题。案例分析表明,清华大学较早开展科研规范与学术伦理课程建设,牵头探索工程伦理慕课教育,开发前沿科技领域伦理课程,率先探索面向全体本科生的通识教育,初步形成了科技伦理课程体系。然而,我国高校科技伦理课程建设目前总体面临课程建设不平衡,课程定位模糊,教育理念不清晰,师资力量不足以及教学方法单一等问题。未来应加强顶层设计和统筹指导,实施多阶递进的教育策略,增强师资队伍的建设和专业培训,丰富多样化的教学手段,以推动高校科技伦理课程体系的不断健全。

Curriculum construction is an important carrier of scientific and technological ethics education. A survey of 17 universities shows that the construction of scientific and technological ethics curricula in Chinese universities is constantly improving, but there are also problems such as insufficient attention and the need for improvement in the curriculum system. Case analysis shows that Tsinghua University started the construction of scientific research norms and academic ethics curriculum earlier, took the lead in exploring engineering ethics MOOC education, developed ethical curricula in frontier technology fields, and pioneered general education for all undergraduates, initially forming a scientific and technological ethics curriculum system. However, the construction of scientific and technological ethics curricula in Chinese universities currently faces overall problems such as unbalanced curriculum construction, vague curriculum positioning, unclear educational concepts, insufficient teaching staff, and single teaching methods. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen top-level design and overall guidance, implement multi-stage progressive education strategies, enhance the construction and professional training of the teaching staff, and enrich diverse teaching methods to promote the continuous improvement of the scientific and technological ethics curriculum system in universities.