择时健康教育在结直肠癌患者围手术期中的应用效果

Effect of Health Education in the Perioperative Period of Patients with Colorectal Cancer

目的:探讨择时健康教育在结直肠癌患者围手术期中的应用效果,为临床护理提供依据。方法:回顾性分析2019年3月—2020年3月天津市人民医院收治的84例结直肠癌患者的病历资料,根据患者护理方法的不同将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各42例。对照组采用常规健康教育,观察组采用择时健康教育。比较两组患者心理健康程度[心理健康自评量表(SCL-90)评分]、术后康复效果、疾病相关知识掌握程度、护理满意度情况。结果:观察组患者SCL-90中焦虑、人际关系、躯体化、恐惧、精神性表现维度评分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.885、6.816、4.266、5.442、4.514,P<0.05)。观察组患者下床活动时间、初次排气时间、初次排便时间均早于对照组,住院天数短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.837、5.842、3.643、4.649,P<0.05)。观察组患者手术知识、症状护理、饮食知识、导管知识、康复知识、出院宣教评分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.163、2.673、3.258、2.314、2.618、3.904,P<0.05)。观察组患者护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.658,P<0.05)。结论:在结直肠癌患者围手术期中应用择时健康教育,能够提高患者的心理健康水平和疾病相关知识掌握程度,促进患者术后康复,进而提升患者的护理满意度。

Objective:To explore the effect of timing health education in perioperative period of patients with colorectal cancer,and to provide basis for clinical nursing.Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with colorectal cancer admitted to Tianjin People’s Hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into control group and observation group according to their different nursing methods,with 42 cases in each group.Routine health education was used in the control group,and timing health education was used in the observation group.The psychological health degree[SCL-90],the postoperative rehabilitation effect,the degree of mastering disease-related knowledge and the degree of nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The scores of anxiety,interpersonal relationship,somatization,fear and psychoticism in SCL-90 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference(t=4.885,6.816,4.266,5.442,4.514;P<0.05).The time of getting out of bed,the time of first exhaust and the time of first defecation in the observation group were earlier than those in the control group,and the days of hospitalization in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group(t=5.837,5.842,3.643,4.649;P<0.05).The scores of operation knowledge,symptom nursing,diet knowledge,catheter knowledge,rehabilitation knowledge and propaganda and education after discharge in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference(t=4.163,2.673,3.258,2.314,2.618,3.904;P<0.05).The satisfaction degree of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=12.658,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of timing health education in the perioperative period of colorectal cancer patients can improve the level of psychological health and the mastery of disease-related knowledge,promote the postoperative rehabilitation of patients,and improve the nursing satisfaction of patients.