基于成果导向教育的护理策略对中重度季节性变应性鼻炎患者心理状况和自护能力的影响

Effects of OBE-based Nursing Strategy on Psychological Status and Self-care Ability in Patients with Moderate-to-severe Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

目的:探讨基于成果导向教育(OBE)的护理策略对中重度季节性变应性鼻炎患者心理状况和自护能力的影响。方法:选取2020年4月—2021年4月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的96例中重度季节性变应性鼻炎患者作为研究对象,按照门诊顺序将其随机分为对照组(n=48)和研究组(n=48),两组患者均接受药物治疗,进行常规护理干预的为对照组,进行基于OBE的护理策略干预的为研究组。比较两组不同护理干预手段对患者心理状态[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、自护能力及生活质量的影响。结果:干预后,研究组患者SAS评分、SDS评分明显低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=5.129、7.452,P<0.05);两组患者自我概念、自护技能、自护责任感、健康知识水平评分以及自护总分较干预前明显升高,研究组患者各项评分高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=7.815、7.203、4.939、6.797、4.437,P<0.05);干预后,两组患者鼻部症状、眼部症状、非鼻部/眼部症状、日常活动、睡眠、行为问题以及情感反应评分较干预前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(t=6.693、7.979、4.476、5.776、5.734、3.964、11.398,P<0.05)。结论:基于OBE的护理策略有助于改善中重度季节性变应性鼻炎患者心理状况,增强其自护能力,提高其生活质量。

Objective:To explore the effects of nursing strategy based on Outcome-Based Education(OBE)on the psychological status and self-care ability in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.Methods:96 patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis admitted to the hospital from April 2020 to April 2021 were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into control group(n=48)and study group(n=48)according to the order of outpatient service.Patients of two groups received drug treatment.Control group was treated with routine nursing intervention,and the study group was given OBE-based nursing strategy intervention.The effects of different nursing interventions on psychological status[Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)],self-care ability and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention,the SAS score and SDS score of study group were significantly lower than those of control group(t=5.129,7.452;P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of self-concept,self-care skills,self-care responsibility,health knowledge level and total score of self-care ability were significantly higher in study group than those in control group(t=7.815,7.203,4.939,6.797,4.437;P<0.05).The scores of nasal symptoms,eye symptoms,non-nasal symptoms/eye symptoms,daily activities,sleep,behavior problems and emotional response in study group after intervention were significantly lower compared with those of control group(t=6.693,7.979,4.476,5.776,5.734,3.964,11.398;P<0.05).Conclusion:OBE-based nursing strategy can improve the psychological status,enhance the self-care ability,and promote the quality of life of patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.