抗VEGF药物联合全视网膜光凝治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的效果和预后分析

Analysis of Efficacy and Prognosis of Anti VEGF Drugs Combined With Panretinal Photocoagulation in the Treatment of Diabetes Retinopathy

目的探讨抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)药物联合全视网膜光凝(panretinal photocoagulation,PRP)治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的效果和预后分析。方法选取三明市第二医院2020年1月—2023年1月收治的50例糖尿病视网膜病变者(78眼),以随机数字表法分为2组,各25例(39眼)。对照组患者给予PRP治疗,研究组给予抗VEGF药物联合PRP治疗。比较2组术前、术后恢复指标,统计患者治疗后的不良反应,评价治疗效果。结果术后,2组最佳矫正视力(best correct vision acuity,BCVA)优于术前,视网膜新生血管(retinal neovascularization,RNV)面积、中央视网膜厚度(central retinal thickness,CRT)低于术前,且研究组BCVA高于对照组;RNV面积、CRT低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组并发症总发生率为5.13%,低于对照组的23.08%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗总有效率为94.97%,高于对照组的79.49%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病视网膜病变以抗VEGF药物联合PRP治疗可改善术后BCVA,减少RNV面积、CRT,降低并发症发生率,提升治疗效果。

Objective To explore the analysis of efficacy and prognosis of anti vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs combined with panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)in the treatment of diabetes retinopathy.Methods A total of 50 patients(78 eyes)with diabetic retinopathy admitted to the Sanming Second Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected and divided into 2 groups with 25 cases(39 eyes)each by random number table method.The control group was treated with PRP,and the study group was treated with anti VEGF drugs combined with PRP.The preoperative and postoperative recovery indexes of the two groups were compared,the adverse reactions of patients after treatment were counted,and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results After surgery,best correct vision acuity(BCVA)in the 2 groups was better than before surgery,retinal neovascularization(RNV)area and central retinal thickness(CRT)were lower than before surgery,BCVA in the study group was higher than that in the control group,RNV area and CRT were lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group was 5.13%,lower than that in the control group(23.08%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the study group was 94.97%,higher than that of the control group(79.49%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Anti VEGF drugs combined with PRP can significantly improve the BCVA of patients with diabetes retinopathy after surgery,reduce the area of RNV,CRT,and reduce complications,and enhance the therapeutic effect.