基于大数据的区域一体化背景下京津冀民宿空间分布及影响因素探析

Exploring Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of B&Bs in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei in the Regional Integration Context based on Big Data

京津冀区域一体化协同发展是我国坚持优势互补、互利共赢的重大国家战略。一体化发展战略给民宿带来了客源共享、资源共享、竞争合作、品牌塑造、产业升级等方面的机遇和挑战。在此背景下,如何优化资源配置、提升用户体验、协助城市规划来推动民宿发展就显得尤为重要。因此,本文利用近邻距离法和核密度估计法探讨了京津冀地区民宿的分布情况,并利用Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)模型和回归分析从政府和市场两个角度分析了民宿的影响因素及其影响程度。结果表明,民宿分布的影响因素存在明显的聚集特征和空间差异性。基于LDA分析的9个因子对民宿分布均有显著影响,其中冰雪活动的显著性处于临界值,主要原因为其受限于特定的地理环境要求。因此,我们建议民宿的发展方向是围绕当地文化旅游特色,发展精品乡村民宿和社区民宿,实现共享民宿产业的差异化创新发展。

The integrated and synergistic development of the region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)is a major national strategy for China to maintain complementary advantages and mutual benefits.The integrated development strategy offers opportunities and challenges for Bed and Breakfasts(B&Bs)in guest sharing,resource sharing,competition and cooperation,branding,and industrial upgrading.Therefore,optimizing resource allocation,enhancing user experience,and assisting in urban planning become particularly crucial for B&Bs development.Therefore,this study utilized the theoretical nearest neighbor distance and Kernel Density Estimation to explore the distribution of B&Bs in the BTH region,and utilized Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)thematic model and regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors from both government and market perspectives and the extent of their influence.The results indicated that significant aggregation characteristics and spatial variability exists in the factors influencing the distribution of B&Bs.All nine factors analyzed based on LDA exerted a significant effect on the distribution of B&Bs,of which the significance of ice and snow activities was at a critical value,mainly because they were limited by specific geographic requirements.Therefore we proposed the following:B&Bs should develop boutique rural B&Bs and community B&Bs around local cultural and tourism characteristics and realize the differentiated and innovative development of the shared B&B industry.