小儿鼾眠的中医药治疗研究进展

Progress of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

通过查阅近年来中医药临床治疗儿童期阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSA)的相关文献,总结了中医对小儿OSA病因病机的认识,认为其多因肺脾气虚兼外邪侵袭,痰浊互结,痹阻脉络所致,具有本虚标实的病机特点。临床治疗方法多样,包括中药内服、雾化、啄治法、灼烙法、针灸等内外治法的单独或联合使用,同时也要根据患儿体质及临床实际辨证施治。但其辨证思维与治疗方法多为各医家的临床经验,疗效缺乏较为客观全面且权威的疗效评价标准,也未有统一的辨证分型标准,一定程度上局限了其更为广泛的应用与发展。因此,中医药治疗小儿OSA应在保证临床疗效及安全性的前提下,明确其作用机制,拓展临床研究及治疗思路。

In this paper,we reviewed the relevant literature on the clinical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSA)in childhood by traditional Chinese medicine in recent years,and systematically summarized the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine on the etiology and pathogenesis of pediatric OSA,and concluded that OSA is mostly caused by the deficiency of lung,spleen and qi,as well as the invasion of exogenous evil,which results in the accumulation of phlegm and turbid and the obstruction of veins and collaterals,and it has the characteristics of the pathogenesis of the disease,with the characteristics of the underlying deficiencies.Clinical treatment methods are diverse,including internal administration of traditional Chinese medicine,nebulisation,pecking method,burning method,acupuncture and other internal and external treatments used individually or in combination,and also according to the child's physique and the actual clinical diagnosis and treatment.However,its diagnostic thinking and therapeutic methods are mostly based on the clinical experiences of various medical practitioners,and there is a lack of objective,comprehensive and authoritative criteria for evaluating the therapeutic effects,as well as a lack of unified diagnostic and typing criteria,which to a certain extent has limited its wider application and development.Therefore,the treatment of pediatric OSA with Chinese medicine should be based on the premise of ensuring clinical efficacy and safety,clarifying its mechanism of action,and expanding clinical research and therapeutic ideas.