西双版纳热带雨林不同生长型木本植物功能多样性

Functional Diversity in Woody Plants of Different Growth Form in theTropical Rainforest of Xishuangbanna

[目的]通过分析西双版纳热带雨林不同生长型木本植物功能性状的差异,揭示热带雨林不同生长型木本植物功能多样性的变化规律以及影响因素。[方法]本文基于西双版纳国家级自然保护区勐仑、补蚌和尚勇等片区3块1 hm2动态监测样地的调查数据和木本植物功能性状数据,利用单因素方差分析、主成分分析、Pearson相关分析、冗余分析以及多元线性回归分析等方法,分析西双版纳热带雨林不同生长型木本植物功能多样性的差异,阐明热带雨林木本植物群落的功能特征及主要影响因子。[结果](1)乔木的叶面积、叶碳含量、叶干物质含量的群落加权平均值均显著高于灌木和藤本,而藤本叶氮含量和比叶面积的群落加权平均值显著高于乔木和灌木。(2)乔木功能丰富度和功能离散度高于灌木和藤本,而灌木功能均匀度和功能分异度均高于乔木和藤本。(3)乔木和藤本功能丰富度以及藤本功能离散度随物种丰富度、多度和系统发育多样性的增加而显著增大;乔木功能均匀度和功能分异度随土壤肥力的增大而显著增大,而灌木功能离散度随物种丰富度的增加而增大。(4)植物多度是影响乔木和灌木功能性状群落加权平均值的主要因素,而系统发育多样性、物种丰富度和土壤肥力是影响藤本功能性状群落加权平均值的主要因素。[结论]表明西双版纳热带雨林不同生长型木本植物群落在功能性状和功能多样性之间存在显著差异性,且植物多度和土壤肥力在热带雨林植物群落功能多样性维持机制中起到重要作用。

[Aims]We analyzed the differences in functional traits of different growth forms of woody plants in a tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna,and revealed the changing rules and influencing factors of func-tional diversity of woody plants with different growth forms.[Methods]Based on the survey data and the functional traits of woody plants from three 1 hm2 dynamic monitoring plots in Menglun,Bupung,and Shangyong in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve,China,one-way variance analysis,principal component analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,redundancy analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the changes and influencing factors of functional diversity among different growth forms of woody plants,and to discuss the functional characteristics and main influencing factors of woody plant communities in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna.[Results](1)The community weighted mean value of leaf area,leaf carbon content and leaf dry matter content of trees were significantly higher than those of shrubs and lianas,while the community weighted mean value of leaf nitrogen content and specific leaf area of lianas were significantly higher than those of trees and shrubs.(2)The functional richness and functional dispersion of trees were higher than those of shrubs and lianas,while the functional evenness and functional divergence of shrubs were higher than those of trees and lianas.(3)The functional richness of trees and lianas and the functional dispersion of lianas increased significantly with increasing plant spe-cies richness,abundance and phylogenetic diversity.The functional evenness and functional divergence of trees increased significantly with increasing of soil fertility,while the functional dispersion of shrubs in-creased with increasing plant species richness.(4)Abundance was the main factor affecting the com-munity weighted mean value of functional traits of trees and shrubs,while phylogenetic diversity,plant spe-cies richness and soil fertility were the main factors affecting the community weighted mean value of func-tional traits of lianas.[Conclusion]This study reveals that functional traits and functional diversity have sig-nificant differences among different growth forms of woody plant communities in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna.Moreover,woody plant abundance and soil fertility play a crucial role in maintaining the functional diversity of plant communities in a tropical rainforest in maintaining plant community functional diversity.