全球乡村资源商品化研究热点及其对我国乡村振兴的启示

Research progress of rural resources commodification andits enlightenment to rural revitalization in China

乡村资源禀赋与资源组合模式及其商品化程度,影响乡村韧性经济体系的构建。利用传统文献阅读法和可视化方法,基于Web of Science核心合集文献,探索全球乡村资源商品化研究的热点与规律,并揭示其对我国乡村振兴实践的启示意义。研究发现:(1)农业是该领域的重要内容,“农业商业化”和“乡村空间商品化”为热点主题;(2)农业商业化多描述非洲农业从自给自足向市场化转变的过程,土地、劳动力、市场组织和资本等资源要素的投入影响农产品的产出效率,政府力量较少被提及。农业的商业化是实现粮食安全和减贫的有效工具;(3)多类型的乡村空间商品化强调乡村消费经济、文化景观等非物质的创新资源,与传统乡村资源构成旅游商品“集”;资本和政府权力是关键驱动因素,乡村空间商品化是西方乡村复兴的有效经济手段;(4)西方发达国家乡村变迁过程反映了不同社会阶段和生产力水平下乡村核心资源的战略变化与资源组合模式空间分布法则;(5)乡村资源商品化促进地方资源重组,是乡村振兴的必经之路。因地制宜地推进乡村资源商品化要充分考虑地方经济水平和乡村所在区位,即以市场需求为导向开发资源;同时,要充分发挥政府特别是基层政府的职能。

Rural resource endowment,resource combination mode and its commodification degree affect the construction of rural resilient economic system.This paper explored the hot spots and laws of international rural resource commodification research by using visual and traditional literature reading methods and taking Web of Science core collection literature as data,and finally revealed the enlightenment of this research on the practice of rural transformation and revitalization in China.The study points out that firstly,"Agriculture"is an important content in this field,and"agricultural commercialization"and"rural space commodification"are hot topics.Secondly,Agricultural commercialization mostly describes the transformation process of African agriculture from self-sufficiency to marketization.Input of resource factors such as agricultural products,land,labor,market organization and capital affect output efficiency,while government power is rarely mentioned.Agricultural commercialization is an effective tool for achieving food security and poverty reduction.Thirdly,multi-type rural space commodification emphasizes rural consumption economy,cultural landscape,and other non-material innovative resources,which together with traditional rural resources constitute the"set"of tourism commodities.The influx of capital and government power are key drivers.Space commodification is an effective economic means for western rural revival.Fourthly,from productivism to spatial production theory,it depicts the process of rural change in western developed countries,reflecting the strategic change of rural core resources and the spatial distribution law of resource combination mode under different social stages and productivity levels.Finally,it is believed that the commodification of rural resources promotes the reorganization of local resources,which is the only way for rural revitalization.To promote the commodification of rural resources according to local conditions,it is necessary to fully consider the local economic level and the urban and rural location of the countryside,that is,to develop resources guided by market demand.At the same time,we must give full play to the wisdom functions of the government,especially the grass-roots governments.