国际财经素养测评的框架、实施与启示

The Framework,Implementation,and Inspiration of International Financial Literacy Assessment

财经素养不仅关乎个体和家庭的福祉,更关乎国家经济和金融稳定,不少国家将财经素养教育纳入国家战略,成立了专门组织或机构推动财经素养测评标准或测评框架的制定与实施。通过对国内外12个典型的财经素养测评项目的测评指标、考查要点、组织实施以及测评方式方法进行比较分析,可以发现,对财经素养内涵的理解主要涉及知识、技能以及行为活动等三个维度。与国外对于财经素养教育与测评的个体主义偏向不同,我国不仅关注于个体的自我诉求,更关注个体对社会和国家发展的责任。不同国家或组织实施的财经素养测评虽各有差异,但基本由国家专门机构顶层部署,采用多元化方法和多部门协作方式来推进。我国财经素养教育处于起步阶段,测评也尚未成熟。未来,财经素养教育可从顶层设计、测评体系的构建、测评对象的差异、测试方法和推进路径等方面借鉴国外成熟做法。

Financial literacy is not only related to the well-being of individuals and families,but also related to national economic and financial stability.Many countries have included financial literacy education into national strategies and established specialized organizations or agencies to promote the formulation and implementation of financial literacy evaluation standards or frameworks.Through a comparative analysis of the evaluation indicators,examination points,organization and implementation,evaluation methods of 12 typical financial literacy evaluation projects at home and abroad,it can be found that the understanding of the connotation of financial literacy mainly involves three dimensions:knowledge,skills,and behavioral activities.Unlike the individualistic bias of foreign countries towards financial literacy education and evaluation,China not only focuses on individual self-appeal,but also on individual responsibilities for social and national development.Although the financial literacy assessments implemented by different countries or organizations may vary,they are basically deployed at the top level by specialized national institutions,and are promoted through diversified methods and multi-department collaboration.China's financial literacy education is in its infancy,and the evaluation is not yet mature.In the future,financial literacy education can learn from foreign mature practices in terms of top-level design,evaluation system construction,differences in evaluation objects,test methods,and promotion paths.