环形热电制冷器支腿几何形状与结构优化

Geometry and structure optimization of leg of annular thermoelectric cooler

环形热电制冷器可以消除平板热电制冷器冷却圆形热源时由于几何形状不匹配而产生的接触热阻。本文采用三维有限元法对变形状支腿的环形热电制冷器进行了数值模拟,研究了支腿形状、体积、电流、环角比例系数、高度等对制冷性能的影响。结果表明,X、Y环形支腿比传统梯形的最大温差分别提升了0.71%和0.74%,同时可节省约25%、38%的热电材料,相同体积下,优化后的结构可使冷端温度降低2.5 K。此外,当环角比例系数θr从1减小至0.15、支腿高度从1 mm增加至2 mm时,制冷性能分别提高了0.66%和0.72%。

Annular thermoelectric refrigerator can eliminate the thermal contact resistance caused by the geometric mismatch of the flat plate thermoelectric refrigerator when cooling the round-shaped heat source.In this paper,three-dimensional finite element method was used to simulate the annular thermoelectric cooler with variable shape legs,and the effects of leg shape,volume,current,ring angle ratio coefficient and height on refrigeration performance were investigated.The results show that the maximum temperature differences of X and Y ring legs are 0.71%and 0.74%higher than that of traditional trapezoid,and approximately 25%and 38%of the thermoelectric material can be conserved.Under the same volume,the optimized structure can reduce the cold end temperature by 2.5 K.In addition,when the ring angle proportion coefficient§,decreases from 1 to 0.15 and the leg height increases from 1 mm to 2 mm,the refrigeration performance is increased by 0.66%and 0.72%,respectively.