知识抑或信念:我国特大城市居民的学校教育与无偿献血研究

Knowledge or Belief:A Study on School Education and Voluntary Blood Donation among Residents of Megacities in China

公众的积极参与是我国无偿献血工作得以持续健康发展的基础,如何推动社会参与无偿献血是个重要的理论和现实议题。本文基于2015年“北上广特大城市居民生活状况调查”数据,发现接受高中及以上学校教育会显著提高居民参与无偿献血的可能性。这不仅是因为学校教育提高了人们对血液相关知识的知晓程度,而且受教育的过程也是接受回馈社会和参与公益活动等理念的关键环节。进一步分析发现,学校教育对无偿献血的影响在不同的出生队列群体中没有显著差异。鉴于此,未来的国民教育不仅要注重传播血液的相关基础知识,还要提倡无偿献血是回馈社会重要方式的重要理念。

The active participation of the public is the foundation for the sustainable and sound development of voluntary blood donation in China.Promoting social participation in voluntary blood donation is an important theoretical and practical issue.This article is based on the data from the survey of the living conditions of residents in megacities,including Beijing,Shanghai,and Guangzhou,in 2015,and finds that receiving high school education and above markedly increases the likelihood of residents participating in voluntary blood donation.It is not only because school education has increased people's awareness of blood-related knowledge,but also because education is a critical step in receiving the concepts,including giving back to society and participating in public welfare activities.Further analysis shows no significant difference in the impact of school education on voluntary blood donation among different birth cohort groups.Given this,future national education should not only focus on disseminating basic knowledge of blood but also advocate the important concept that voluntary blood donation is a crucial way to give back to society.