新旧之间:清代的辕门抄与地方政治信息传播

Between the Old and the New:Yuan Men Bao and the Dissemination of Local Political Information in the Qing Dynasty

辕门抄是清代富有地方特色的一种古代小报。辕门抄主要由坐省长随、报房等抄报人生产,信息来源渠道主要有督抚衙门的牌示、号房消息,抄报人探听的消息,以及官僚士绅主动“报送”的信息。辕门抄的内容以督抚政治信息为主,无须官方审查同意,但在特定背景下也受到一定管控。辕门抄可以视为在省级层面对宫门抄的一种模仿。同时,辕门抄是新报和新式官报的重要信息来源,时人也常以辕门抄来理解新报。辕门抄是清代地方官僚士绅信息沟通交流的重要媒介,用以满足地方官僚士绅的政治信息需要,甚或成为彰显政治身份、士林交往的政治信息场域。

Yuan Men Bao was a kind of ancient newspaper with local feature in the Qing Dynasty.They were mainly produced by the officials of the provinces and the civilian newsroom, and the sources of information mainly included the signboards of the governor's office, the news of the Imperial examination test room, the acquired information from the news copywriters, and the information revealed by the bureaucrats and the gentry on their own initiative. The content of the copy was mainly political information of the governorship, which was not subject to official censorship, but under controls in some certain contexts. It can be regarded as a kind of simulation of the Gong Men Chao at the provincial level. Meanwhile, it was an important source of information for new newspapers and new-styled official newspapers, and people often used the it to understand new newspapers. It was also an important medium of information communication for local bureaucrats in the Qing Dynasty, which was used to satisfy their political information needs.Moreover, it even became a political information field to signify their political identity and exchanges of local bureaucrats.