膳食对早发性结直肠癌发病的影响研究进展

Research progress on the impact of diet on the early-onset colorectal cancer

近年来早发性结直肠癌的发病率呈现逐渐上升的趋势。研究表明,早发性结直肠癌与可改变的风险因素如膳食密切相关,但目前仍缺少一致性的结论,且缺乏对相关研究结果的系统阐述。本文全面总结了膳食与早发性结直肠癌的关联,明确不同膳食模式、常见食物种类及营养素与早发性结直肠癌发生之间的关联及其相对危险度,并阐述其潜在的生理学机制,加强对膳食这类可改变的外源性风险因素的认识,以期为早发性结直肠癌的一级预防策略制定提供参考。

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer has been gradually increasing in recent years.Studies have shown that early-onset CRC is closely related to modifiable risk factors such as diet,but there is still a lack of consistent conclusions and a systematic review of relevant research results.In this review,we comprehensively summarized the association between diet and the early-onset CRC,clarified the association and relative risk between different dietary patterns,common food types and nutrients and the occurrence of early-onset CRC,and elaborated the underlying physiological mechanisms.Enhancing the understanding of dietary risk factors,which are modifiable exogenous risk factors,is expected to serve as a reference for the formulation of primary prevention strategies for early-onset CRC.