语言输入模式对聋生书面词语学习的影响——来自行为和眼动实验的证据

The Impact of Language Input Modes on Deaf Students'Written Word Learning:Evidence from Behavioral and Eye-Movement Experiments

为了解教学过程中所使用的语言输入模式对聋生书面词语学习的影响,本研究以39名聋生(包括20名手语交流偏好聋生和19名口语交流偏好聋生)为研究对象,以聋生尚未习得的书面词语为学习材料,采用被试内研究设计,比较了不同交流偏好的聋生在手语、口语、手语支持下的口语(sign supported speech,SSS)三种语言输入模式下书面词语的学习效果。随后,探究了在SSS输入模式下聋生学习书面词语时的眼动特征及其与书面词语学习效果之间的关系。结果发现:在手语和SSS输入模式下,聋生的书面词语正确率高于口语模式;但对于手语交流偏好的聋生,手语输入模式下的正确率最高。SSS输入模式下,聋生更倾向于关注教学者的手部;手语交流偏好的聋生词语正确率与眼部注视时长和注视次数相关显著。在聋生书面词语学习中,SSS输入模式下的学习效果优于口语模式;但对于手语交流偏好的聋生,相比于手语输入模式,SSS模式并没有表现出显著的优越性,表明对于偏好使用手语的聋生,手语教学仍是聋生教学的必要补充。

In order to understand the effects of language input modes used in the teaching process on deaf students'learning of written words,39 deaf students(including 20 deaf students with sign language communication preference and 19 deaf students with oral communication preference)were studied,and their unacquired written words were used as the learning materials.A within-group research design was used to compare the learning of written words in three language input modes,namely,sign language,spoken language,and sign surpported speech(SSS),among deaf students with different communication preferences.Subsequently,the eye-movement characteristics of deaf students'learning of written words in SSS input modes were explored,as well as the relationship between them and the learning outcomes of written words.The results show that:deaf students'correctness of written words was higher in sign language and SSS input modes than in spoken language mode;however,for deaf students with sign language communication preference,the correctness rate was highest in sign language input mode.Deaf students tended to pay more attention to the instructor's hand in SSS input mode;deaf students with sign language communication preference had a significant correlation between the correctness of words and the duration of eye gaze and the number of eye fixation.In deaf students'written word learning,the SSS input mode was superior to the spoken mode;however,for deaf students with sign language communication preference,the SSS mode did not show significant superiority compared to the sign language input mode.It is suggested that for deaf students with a preference for sign language,sign language instruction is still a necessary supplement to their instruction.