认知需求对信息源转化效率的调节机理

Mechanism of Cognitive Needs Moderating the Efficiency of Information Source Transformation

文章基于个人信息世界概念框架及精细加工可能性理论,结合外部情景因素,从信息获取视角出发编制认知需求量表,以问卷调查方式收集到650位受访者的相关数据,通过构建调节效应模型,探究在个体认知需求的调节下,物理上可及的信息源向认知上可获的信息源转化并促进其信息富裕化的机理。研究发现:个体的认知需求从整体上提升了可及信息向可获信息转化的效率;这种调节作用因信息源的类型不同而存在差异,认知需求对实体信息、人际信息源和数字信息源中的数据库信息源的转化效率具有显著的正向调节作用,而对数字信息源中的互联网信息源转化效率的调节效应并不显著;个体认知需求之于信息源转化效率的调节作用在农村和城市人群中存在差异。

Based on the conceptual framework of personal information world and the elaboration likelihood model,this article develops a cognitive demand scale from the perspective of information access in terms of external situational factors,and collects relevant data through a questionnaire survey of 650 respondents.By establishing a moderating effect model,the mechanism of transforming physically accessible information sources into cognitively available ones and promoting their information enrichment under the regulation of individual cognitive needs is explored.The study suggests that individual cognitive needs increase the efficiency of transforming accessible information into cognitively available information as a whole;the moderating effect varies according to the types of information sources,a significant positive one for the transformation efficiency of physical,interpersonal,and database information sources,and an insignificant one for that of Internet information sources;the moderating effect of individual cognitive needs on the efficiency of transforming information sources differs between rural and urban populations.