新路线方法在全氟和多氟烷基类化合物(PFAS)研究中的应用

Application of New Approach Methodologies in Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances(PFAS)

随着众多化学品的面世,21世纪以前利用动物实验评估化合物毒性的方法已无法匹配各种化学品的更迭速度。新世纪诞生了很多毒性测试的新路线方法,更好地匹配了新世纪的毒理学研究需求并有效提高测试结果与人类的相关性。本文对部分传统与现代的毒性测试与风险评估手段进行概述,并在此基础上以全氟和多氟烷基类化合物(per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)为例阐述了部分新路线方法的具体使用。最后总结了新路线方法仍需改进之处,以期对之后的毒性测试发展有所帮助。

Before the 21st Century,plenty of laboratory animals were applied to assess the toxicity and potential health risks of compounds.However,with the growing production and application of huge number of new chemicals,these expensive and lengthy in vivo testing showed their limitations.To address this challenge,new approach methodologies have arisen in the 21st Century.Many of these new strategies depend on in silico evaluation or in vitro toxicity pathway in human cells.The results from new strategies were expected to be more closely related to humans and more cost-effective to use.In this paper,we introduce these modern toxicity-testing strategies and their applications in the toxicological studies of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS).Finally,we summarize the deficiencies of new methods,and hope that improvements in these methods will lead to a promising application in the future.